اعمال و تشدید تحریم‌های یکجانبه آمریکا علیه کشورمان، ایجاب می‌کند سازوکار اثرگذاری این تحریم‌ها و تاثیر و تاثراتی که باعث تشدید اثر آنها می‌گردد، شناسایی شود. در این تحقیق، پس از مطالعه منابع موجود با کمک روش نظریه داده‌بنیاد و با تحلیل کیفی مطالب کتب، مقالات و خبرهای تحلیلی الگوی پارادایمی که منجر به انتقال اثر تحریم‌ها بر صادرات نفت و فرآورده‌های نفتی و حصول درآمدهای نفتی می‌شود، شناسایی گردیده است. پس از انجام کدگذاری باز، محوری و انتخابی نتایج نشان داد عوامل علی ناشی از تحریم‌ها از جمله کاهش سرمایه‌گذاری خارجی در صنعت نفت و فرآورده‌های نفتی، اخلال در فروش، صادرات و واردات نفت و فرآوردهای نفتی، افزایش هزینه تولید و توسعه و ترک پروژه‌ها توسط شرکت‌های خارجی بواسطه شرایط زمینه‌ای نظیر وابستگی تکنولوژیکی به فناوری‌های نوین اکتشاف، عدم استفاده از نخبگان علمی و توسعه نیافتگی تولید فرآوردهای نفتی با ارزش افزوده بالا منجر به تاثیرپذیری بالای صنعت نفت ایران از تحریم‌ها گردیده است. Manuscript profile

In the present study, a firefly algorithm is used to achieve a multi objective optimization of heat pipe with axial “Ω” shaped micro grooves. The objective function of the optimization procedure is maximization of heat transport capability and minimization of the total thermal resistance. So the effects of geometrical dimensions and structural parameters on heat pipe performance have been considered as decision variables. Also heat transfer capability and total thermal resistance of heat pipe have been considered as objective function. The agreement between experimental data and calculated results confirms the accuracy of the proposed algorithm for micro groove heat pipe analysis .The effect of grooves number and vapor core diameter on heat transfer and total thermal resistance have been analyzed and it shows by increasing the number of grooves and core diameter, heat transfer capability and total thermal resistance increased. Heat transfer capability and total thermal resistance decreased by increasing width of slot. For equal in size width slot by increasing grooves diameter heat transfer and total thermal resistance respectively increased about 25% and 7%. Result shows working temperature significantly effects on the heat transfer capability and maximum heat transfer capacity occurred about 271 K. Manuscript profile

Reducing the manufacturing costs of the products is considered of the main factors for lead-acid battery (LAB) manufacturers 'sustainability and survival in the automotive industry. Then in order to meaningfully decrease the due costs and enhance the competitive potential of the manufacturers in this field, it’s important to choose the suitable sites for recycling centers in this industry's supply chain. In the present study, data envelopment analysis (DEA) has been utilized for evaluating and choosing the recycling centers as befitting for the supply chain of LABs in the automotive industry. Pursuant to DEA and a set of criteria, as being critical for decision makers in this filed, various locations are evaluated. As this method prescribes, the locations are ranked using the maximum scores of efficiencies and after that, more appropriate centers are picked and the inappropriate ones get removed. A LAB supply chain related case study in the automotive industry has been employed for evaluating the influencing power and efficiency of proposed method and following that, a number of beneficial management results have been extracted. Manuscript profile

Customer churn is a critical challenge faced by the hotel industry, impacting revenue and profitability. Identifying and prioritizing the factors that contribute to customer churn is essential for hotel managers to devise effective retention strategies. The prioritization of these factors enables hotel managers to allocate resources efficiently towards implementing targeted retention initiatives. By understanding the factors that influence customer churn, hotels can proactively tailor their services and improve customer experiences to enhance loyalty and reduce churn rates. This study aims to determine and prioritize the key factors influencing customer churn in the hotel industry. The data is analyzed using advanced text mining techniques, including tokenizing, stemming, and eliminating stop words, to identify the significant factors affecting customer churn. The findings highlight factors such as room conditions, the beauty of the hotel, food quality, staff interactions, hotel hygiene, restrooms, and proximity to important centers. To prioritize these factors, we utilized the AHP technique in Expert Choice software. According to the findings, among these factors, staff interaction with 32%, room conditions with 22%, restrooms with 19%, food quality with 12%, proximity to important centers with 8%, hotel hygiene with 4%, and beauty of the hotel with 3%are respectively the most important factors affecting customer churn. Manuscript profile

Among the supply chain risk types, disruptions that result from natural disasters, sanctions, transportation problems and equipment failure can seriously disrupt or delay the flow of material, information and cash. The aim of this research was to propose a hybrid model for disruption management, which is the process of achieving plans or strategies to reduce the expenses incurred by the disruption. For this purpose; first, we identified disruptions and mitigation strategies by using the nominal group technique. Then, the interaction between disruptions was formulated by the fuzzy DEMATEL technique. Consequently, with regard to the uncertainty of data, fuzzy logic was used for modeling the uncertainty of disruptions. Finally, mitigating strategies were selected and ranked with PROMETHEEΙΙ. Considering the existence of 4 types of responses of chain against risks, which include: 1- risk control and endurance 2-risk flexibility 3- risk avoidance 4- risk transfer and assignment; results show that according to the type of disorder, the risk management strategy changes and in general (taking into account the causal relationship between disorders), the risk transfer strategy it was more suitable Manuscript profile

Strategy map is a human based activity that combines the knowledge and organizational managers’ opinions. This point of view is a kind of group decision making that is determined by our existing relation between the accepted objectives of experts and organizational decision makers (DM). In this study, to design a strategy map for Fanap Company, the combined approach of Analytical Network Process (ANP) and Decision Making Trial and Evaluation (DEMATEL) were applied to determine the systematic interactions between criteria and the relationship between criteria, respectively. In this paper, the results about the importance of relations between strategic objectives level by combined approach, were compared to the importance of relations between AHP strategic objectives level, calculated by Fanap Company’s experts and managers. The final results showed that the importance of strategic relations between BSC levels to achieve the strategic objectives in this company in combined approach was more than AHP method. Manuscript profile

This paper focuses on robust scheduling for an assembly flow shop where assembling times are uncertain. The considered manufacturing environment is a two-stage production system that consists of a processing stage followed by an assembly stage. There are two parallel machines in the first stage to process the components followed by an assembly stage wherein, the components are assembled to products. The majority of scheduling research considers a deterministic environment with pre-known and fixed data. However, in real-world condition, several kinds of uncertainties should be considered. In this article, the scheduling problem is tackle under uncertainty and the assembling time of each product at the second stage is the source of uncertainty. The problem is described and formulated as a mixed-integer linear programing model under deterministic condition. After that, the uncertainty issue is discussed and the robust scheduling procedure is introduced to minimize the maximum completion time of all products based on the min–max regret approach. To solve the robust scheduling an exact method is proposed to solve the problem on the small scales. Moreover, two approximate methods are modified and used to solve this NP-hard problem on the small and practical scales. The performances of the proposed methods are evaluated by several numerical examples taken from valid references. Computational results indicate that the proposed robust scheduling methods provide effective hedges against processing time uncertainty while maintaining excellent expected makespan performance. Manuscript profile

This research proposed a comprehensive model designed for the optimization of supply chain networks, particularly emphasizing leagile demand-driven systems within the context of omnichannel operations. The proposed model integrates various parameters such as total cost, lead time, service level, and residual capacity, addressing the complex interdependencies among an omnichannel environment of retailers. To enhance the model's reliability, a hybrid meta-heuristic algorithm is employed, combining the strengths of MOEA/D-DE (Multi-Objective Evolutionary Algorithm with Differential Evolution), IBEA (Indicator-Based Evolutionary Algorithm), and NSGA-II (Non-dominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II). The collaborative optimization approach ensures adaptability and efficiency in addressing diverse and intricate optimization challenges inherent in omnichannel networks. The numerical data from a case study on the supply of sanitary masks in Tabriz, Iran, during August 2021 is utilized to validate the model within the specific omnichannel context. The study includes a thorough sensitivity analysis, demonstrating the model's robustness against disturbances in the omnichannel network. The consistent performance of the odel across various disruption scenarios underscores its reliability and efficacy in ensuring the stability of supply chain operations within omni-channel frameworks. This observed resilience significantly enhances the overall robustness of the supply chain, especially when confronted with disruptive events. The model's ability to maintain stability under diverse conditions contributes to fortifying the supply chain against potential disruptions, thereby augmenting its adaptive capabilities in dynamic environments..Managerial and practical implications are discussed, emphasizing the significance of the proposed reliable omnichannel approach in leagile demand-driven systems. Manuscript profile