Background & Aim: Identification, characterization and detection of medicinal plants chemical composition are very important for phytochemical scientific source. Sumac is one of the medicinal plants in the world that uses for industrial and pharmacological application. In this study, chemical composition of Rhus coriaria has been investigated. Experimental: Chemical composition of the mature and ripe fruit of Rhus coriaria cultivated in Hamedan (Iran) climatic conditions has been analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography–electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (HPLC-MS). Results & Discussion: In total 191 compounds were identified in sumac fruit including, 78 hydrolysable tannins (Gallic acid), 59 flavonoid such as, Apigenin, 40 other compounds such as Butein, 9 anthocyanins such as Cyanidin. Industrial and practical recommendations: The results indicated that this plant is one of the extensive sources of bioactive phytochemical, phenolic compounds and as a source of functional ingredients in chemical, pharmaceutical industries, traditional medicine and herbal drugs as widespread uses in the world. Manuscript profile

The predatory mite Amblyseius swirskii Athias-Henriot is one of the most common biological-control agent of different mites and insect pests, such as two-spotted spider mite and greenhouse whitefly. To evaluate A. swirskii potential role in controlling three pest species, the present survey investigated the life history of this predatory mitewhen fed on eggs of Tetranychus urticae, Trialeurodes vaporariorum and Carpoglyphus lactis under laboratory conditions (25 ± 1°C, 70 ± 5% RH and 16L: 8D). Results showed that the predator mite is able to feed and complete its development on the above mentioned pest species. The predator displays particularly high capacity for population growth when fed on T. urticae and C. lactis, therefore it be able to provide an effective control of these pests in the gardens and the greenhouses. When T. vaporariorum was fed, significantly, increase in development and pre-oviposition times, and a reduction in oviposition period and fecundity were observed. In addition, the estimated life table parameters of A. swirskii including r, λ and R0 significantly descended when the predator fed on the whitefly. Our results showed that this predatory mite has an effective ability as an effective biological control agent for T. urticae, C. lactis and T. vaporariorum in greenhouse. Manuscript profile