Background: The present study aimed to determine the effect of a session eccentric resistance exercise with and without blood flow restriction on Interleukin 15 and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in nonathlete People. Methods: In a crossover research design, 36 male non-athletes (with an average mean of 25± 2.9 age, 22± 1.39 kg/m2 mass body index) were asked to participate in the study randomly. The exercise consisted of one lower limb resistance session and one set until exhaustion. The exercise consisted of one lower limb resistance session and one set until exhaustion. The exercise intensity in each group was 30% of One Repetition Maximum Respectively. The blood flow Restriction was done by the proximal pressure gauge on the thigh. The blood samples were taken 48 hours before the test. The blood samples were analyzed to determine Interleukin 15 and Tumor necrosis factor-alpha. The statistical analysis was examined based on the study's objectives through descriptive statistics, correlative, and independent tests(P=0.05). Results: The result showed there is a meaningful increase in Interleukin 15 after one session of eccentric resistance exercise accompanied by blood flow(P=0.000), but in comparison to the control group, the Tumor necrosis factor-alpha in the experiment group showed a meaningful decrease (P=0.000). Conclusion: It seems low-intensity eccentric resistance exercise for one session accompanied by blood flow Restriction could have an appropriate effect on the discharge rate of muscle growth factor and a decrease in inflammatory factors derived from physical activity. Manuscript profile