Interleukin plays six major roles in various types of host defense mechanisms, including immune reactions and acute phase reactions. Therefore, the aim of the present study was to compare the short-term effects of aerobic exercise and high-fat diet and curcumin extract on the expression of interleukin-six gene in muscle tissuesin male Wistar rats. For this purpose, 50 two-month-old male rats were prepared and divided into five groups: control group, high-fat diet, curcumin and high-fat diet, exercise and high-fat diet, curcumin + exercise + high-fat diet. Data analysis was compared using analysis test of one-way variance. Bonferroni supplementary test was used to accurately determine the differences between groups. The mean of group differences were also compared using one-sample t-test. The results showed that the mean expression of interleukin gene of 6 subjects showed a significant difference between the 5 groups. The results of Bonferroni post hoc test also showed a significant difference between the control group and other groups. Also, the gene expression of interleukin 6 in the two groups of high-fat diet and high-fat diet + curcumin increased compared to the control group. But in the two groups of high-fat diet + exercise and the group of high-fat diet + exercise + curcumin decreased, which was significant at the error level of 0.05. Manuscript profile