Introduction: This study aimed to examine the impact of aerobic exercise and diet on physical fitness and blood glucose regulation in type I diabetes patients.Material & Methods: The study aimed to investigate the effects of a 12-week combined exercise program on the blood sugar, glycosylated hemoglobin (HbA1c), and aerobic and anaerobic capacity of 40 eligible volunteer children aged 11-15 years. The participants were randomly divided into two groups: control and experimental. The exercise program included pilates, weight-bearing, and aerobic exercises and was conducted three times a week for one hour. The participant's blood sugar, HbA1c, and aerobic and anaerobic capacity were measured before and after training. The data was analyzed using SPSS software version 26 at a significance level 0.05.Results:After conducting a paired t-test, it was found that the control group showed a significant increase in body mass index and waist circumference. In contrast, the experimental group showed a significant decrease in fasting blood sugar and hemoglobin levels and an increase in aerobic and anaerobic capacity (P<0.05). When comparing the two groups, it was observed that the experimental group had a significant decrease in waist size, FBS, and HbA1c and a significant increase in aerobic and anaerobic power (P<0.05). No significant difference was observed in other research variables.Conclusions: Based on the available evidence, it is likely that engaging in a combination of exercises would lead to improvements in anthropometric indices and glucose homeostasis. Manuscript profile