This study was designed to evaluate in vivo and in vitro anti-inflammatory potential of the different extracts of Munronia pinnata and compare it with the isolated compound, Senecrassidiol by using the carrageenan-induced paw edema animal model in Wistar rats. Munronia pinnata (Wall) Theob (Meliaceae) has been traditionally practiced for hundreds of years by traditional physicians as a home remedy for the treatment of inflammatory conditions in folk medicine in Sri Lanka. The tested ethyl acetate fractions of methanol extract and its isolated compound senecrassidiol exhibited significant anti-inflammatory activity in the tested models. It demonstrated the scientific rationale for the use of an anti-inflammatory agent in folk medicine. The MPaq showed a significant (p < 0.5) inhibition of infiltration of rat peritoneal cells, inhibition of NO production by rat peritoneal cells, and inhibition of membrane stabilization as well as the anti-histamine activity which are the probable anti-inflammatory mechanisms. Manuscript profile