Iron Committee and its effect on the black coup

Subject Areas : Journal of History (Tarikh)

Fatemeh Sadat Jamshidi ¹ , Ali Bigdeli ² , Amir teymour Rafiei ³

1 - phd student of History, Department of History, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
2 - Faculty member, Department of History and Archeology, Central Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran
3 - Assistant professor, Mahallat branch,islamic Azad university,mahallat,iran

Received: 2023-03-07 Accepted : 2023-07-15 Published : 2025-02-27

Keywords: Iron committee, England, Iran, 1299 coup,

Abstract :

After the First World War and the chaos created in Iran, the activities of different groups started to improve the country's situation. One of these groups that entered the political arena was the Iron Committee, a group that seems to have undertaken the mission of implementing a military coup in Iran. This committee came into existence by emphasizing the adoption of the approach of saving Iran and started its activities after the failure of the 1919 agreement and ended it with the coup of 1299. The topic that will be discussed in this article is how the Iron Committee was formed and its role in the formation of the 1299 coup. With the victory of the Russian Revolution in 1917, England resumed its domination over Iran. This led to overshadowing all developments in Iran under its government's policy. The Iron Committee can be seen as a group whose goal was to achieve political power, but its social composition was not such that it could reach this destination through legal means. Therefore, the intervention of the British officials in the administration of the government's political affairs and finally the implementation of the spirit of the 1919 agreement of Tawaq al-Dawlah has been one of the other goals of the Iron Committee.