Analysis and Identification of Essential Oil Constituents in the Vegetative and Reproductive Organs of Salvia macrosiphon Boiss. in Natural Habitat of Fars Province
Ali Bahrami
1
(
M.Sc. Student, Department of Horticulture Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Hormozgan, Bandar Abbas, Iran
)
Alireza Yavari
2
(
Assistant Professor, Department of Horticulture Science and Engineering, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Hormozagan, Bandar Abbas, Iran.
)
Alireza Raheb
3
(
Soil Science Department, Faculty of Agriculture, College of Agriculture & Natural Resources, University of Tehran, Karaj, Iran
)
Keywords: Essential oil, Ester compounds, Lamiaceae, Plant part, Salvia macrosiphon,
Abstract :
This study is the first to investigate the chemical composition of three organs (flower, leaf and stem) essential oils of Salvia macrosiphon Boiss., which grows wild and belongs to Lamiaceae family, in Fras procince. In the present experiment, 30 plants in full flowering stage were randomly prepared from Jahrom region of Fars province and divided into three groups of 10 and then flowers, leaves and stems of each group were isolated for testing. Essential oil was extracted from each organ with three replications and in each repetition 200 g of plant material was done by hydro-distillation using Clevenger apparatus and they were analyzed by a combination of GC-FID and GC-MS techniques, to check for chemical variability. The yield of essential oil (w/w%) was the highest in flowers (0.48%) > then in leaves (0.28%) > and finally in stems (0.06%). The total number of compounds identified and quantified were twenty-five in flowers, eighteen in leaves and twenty-one in stems, representing 93.1%, 93.4% and 92.2% of the total oil, respectively. Results of essential oil compound analysis illustrated that flower expressed a high content of linalool. Meanwhile, bicyclogermacrene + (E)-caryophyllene and germacrene D + bicyclogermacrene were the major compounds in leaf and stem organs, respectively. Also, results showed that sesquiterpene hydrocarbons were the common and the highest amount in the three studied organs, which were the highest in leaves (69.1%) > then stems (68.0%) > and at last in flowers (34.5%). The highest level of oxygenated monoterpens was found at the flower part, represented by 27.3% of linalool. In conclusion, the plant organs of S. macrosiphon affected its essential oil quality and its concentration. Flowers were the most beneficial organ of this species for essential oil and linalool compound productions.
