Evaluation of diversity in some phytochemical characteristics in leaf extract among some genotypes of Berberis species in North West of iran

Subject Areas : Medicinal Plants

naser gholizadeh ¹ ( Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, )
Bahman Hosseini ² ( Assocoite Prof., College of Agriculture, Urmia University of Urmia, Iran )
abolfazl Alirezalu ³ ( Department of Horticulture, Faculty of Agriculture, Urmia University, Urmia, Iran, )

Received: 2017-04-26 Accepted : 2017-06-14 Published : 2017-08-23

Keywords: Phenol, Flavonoid, Antioxidant, Carotenoid, Azerbaijahan, Berberis genotype,

Abstract :

Abstract In this study the leaves of 28 genotypes of Berberis were collected in May 2016 from North West of Iran. The samples were extracted by ultrasonic technique, total phenol, flavonoid, chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid were measured by folin ciocalteu, aluminum chloride and Litchenthaler method, respectively. The antioxidant capacity were evaluated differently by using FRAP and DPPH methods. The results were showed that the highest and the lowest total phenol content, were observed respectively, in genotypes Z8 and Z19 (75.96 - 13.59 mg GAE / gram dry weight), respectively.  The highest and the lowest total flavonoid were respectively in genotypes Z20 and Z19 (14.99 - 2.10 mg / 100 grams of dry matter). The highest of chlorophyll a, b and carotenoid were observed in genotypes Z3, Z26, Z8 respectively (26.32 - 5.37 and 18.86 mg dry matter). The highest antioxidant activity in DPPH was observed in Z6 genotype (92.30%) and in FRAP method with 4.14 µmol of iron per gram of dry matter was reported in Z8 genotype, respectively. According to these results it was found that the antioxidant activity correlated with total phenol and flavonoid contents and can be used these genotypes as a good natural  antioxidant in pharmaceutical industry's.

References:

1. Alemardan, A., Asadi, W., Rezaei, M., Tabrizi, L. and Mohammadi, S. 2013. Cultivation of Iranian seedless barberry (Berberis integerrima ‘Bidaneh’) A medicinal shrub. Industrial Crops and Products, 50: 276-287.


2. Alfaro, S., Mutis, S., Palma, R., Quiroz, A., Seguel, I. and Scheuermann, E. 2013. Influence of genotype and harvest year on polyphenol content and antioxidant activity in murtilla (Ugni molinae Turcz) fruit. Soil Science and Plant Nutrition, 13: 67-78.


3. Bataillon, T.M., David, J.L. and Schoen, D.J. 1996. Neutral genetic markers and conservation: simulated Germplasm collections. Genetics, 144: 409-417.


4. Chang, Q., Zuo, Z., Harrison, F. and Chow, M.S.S. 2002. Hawthorn. Clinical Pharmacology. 42(6): 605–612.      


5. Chauhan, R.S., Kaul, M.K., Shahi, A.K., Kumar, A., Ram, G. and Tawa, A. 2009. Chemical composition of essential oils in Mentha spicata L. accession [IIIM(J)26] from North-West Himalayan region, India. Industrial Crops and Products, 29: 654–656.


6. Dere, S., Gunes, T. and Sivaci, R. 1998. Spectrophotometric determination of chlorophyll - a, b and total carotenoid contents of some algae species using different solvents. Journal of Botany, 22: 13-17.


7. Ebrahimi, M., Farajpour, M., Beigmohamadi, M. and Ebrahimi, M. 2012. Genetic relationships among yarrow based on random amplified Polymorphic DNA markers. Journal of Biotechnology and Pharmaceutical Research, 3(4): 69-73.


8. Ebrahimzadeh, M.A., Hosseinimehr, S.J., Hamidinia, A. and Jafari, M. 2008. Antioxidant and free radical scavenging activity of Feijoa sallowiana fruits peel and leaves. Journal of Pharmacol-online, 1: 7-14.


9. Farag, RS. EI-Baroty, G.S. and Basuny, AM. 2003. The influence of phenolicextracts obtained from the olive plant (cv. Picual and Kronakii), on the stability ofsunflower oil. International Journal of Food Science and Technology, 102:46-52.


10. Fatehi, M., Saleh, T.M., Fatehi-Hassanabad, Z., Farrokhfal, Kh., Jafarzadeh, M. and Davodi, S. 2005. A pharmacological study on Berberis vulgaris fruit extract. Journal of Ethno pharmacology, 102(1): 46–52.


11. Grassmann, J. 2005. Terpenoids as plant antioxidants. Vitam. Horm. 72: 505–535.


12. Hanachi, P., and Golkho, Sh. 2009. Using Hplc todetermination the composition and antioxidant activity of Berberis vulgaris. Europian Journals Publishing, 29(1): 47-54.


13. HazlerPilepic, K., Males, Z. and Plazibat, M. 2008. Genetic structure in Hypericum perforatum  L.   Population. Periodicum Biologorum. 110(4): 367–3710.


14. Horwath, A.B., Grayer, R.J., Keith-Lucas, D.M. and Simmonds, M.S.J. 2008. Chemical characterization of wild population of Thymus from different climatic regions in southeast Spain. Biochemical Systematics and Ecology, 36:117-133.


15. Kumar A., Jhadwal, N., Lal, M. and Singh, M. 2012. Antibacterial activity of some medicinal plants used against UTI causing pathogens. Journal of Life science and Pharma Research. 4: 278-83.


16. Imanshahidi, M. and Hosseinzadeh, H. 2008. Pharmacological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris and its active constituent, berberine. Phytother Res, 22: 999–1012.


17. Maksimovic, M., Vidic, D., Milos, M., Editasolic, M., Abadzic, S. and Siljak-yakovley, S., 2007. Effect of the environmental condition on essential oil profile in two Dinaric Salvia species: S. brachyodon Vandas and S. offecinalis L. Biochemicl Systematics and Ecology, 35: 437-478.


18. Marzouki, H., Elaissi, A., Khaldi, A., Bouzid, S., Falconieri, D., Marongiu, B., Piras, A. and Porcedda, S., 2009. Seasonal and geographical variation of Laurus nobilis L. essential oil from Tunisia. Open Nat. Prod. J., 2: 86-91.


19. Mazandarani, M., Ghasemi, N., Bayat, H., 2013. Investagion of secondary active compounds of medical plant (Berberis vulgaris L) and its comparison among different part of the plant in South East of Golestan province. Plant Enviromental Physiology, 8: 59-70.


20. Motalleb, G., Hanachi, P., Kua, S.H., Fauziah, O. and Asmah, R. 2005. Evaluation of phenolic content and total antioxidant activity in Berberis vulgaris fruit extract. Journal of Biological Sciences, 5: 648–653.


21. Neel, M.C. and Ellstr N.C. 2003. Conservation of genetic diversity in the endangered plant Eriogonum ovalifolium var. vineum (Polygonaceae). Journal of Conservation Genetics, 37: 352-354.


22. Nakajima, J.I., Tanaka, I., Seo, S., Yamazaki, M. and Saito, K. 2004. LC/PDA/ESI-MS profiling and radical scavenging activity of anthocyanins in various berries. Journal of BioMed Research International, 5: 241-247.


23. Rezende V.L., Oliveira-Filho A.T., Eisenlohr P.V., Kamino L.H.Y. and Vibrans A.C. 2015. Restricted geographic distribution of tree species calls for urgent conservation eforts in the Subtropical Atlantic Forest. Biodiversity and Conservation 24: 1057-1071.


24. Rounsaville T.J. and Ranney T.G. 2010. Ploidy levels and genome sizes of Berberis L. and Mahonia nutt. Species, hybrids, and cultivars. Hort science, 45: 1029‑1033.


25. Scalzo, J., Mezzetti, B. and Battino, M. 2005. Total antioxidant capacity evaluation: Critical steps for assaying berry antioxidant features. Biofactors, 23: 221–227.


26. Yildiz, H., Ercisli, S., Sengul, M., Topdas, E.F., Beyhan, O., Cakir, O., Narmanlioglu, HK. And Orhan, E. 2014. Some Physicochemical Characteristics, Bioactive Content and Antioxidant Characteristics of Non-Sprayed Barberry (Berberis vulgaris L.) Fruits from Turkey. Erwerbs-Obstbau, 56: 123-129.


27. Zarei, A., Changizi-Ashtiyani, S., a Taheri, S. and Ramezani, M. 2015. A quick overview on some aspects of endocrinological and therapeutic effects of Berberis vulgaris L. Avicenna J Phytomed, 5 (6): 485-497.


28. Zovko Koncic, M., Kremer, D., Schühly, W., Brantner, A., Karlovic, K. and Kalodera, Z. 2010. Chemical differentiation of Berberis croatica and
    B. vulgaris using HPLC fingerprinting. Croatica Chemica Acta, 83: 451–456.


29. Zugic, A., Ðordevic, S., Arsic, I., Markovic, G., Zivkovic, J., Jovanovic, S. and Tadic, V. 2014. Antioxidant activity and phenolic compounds in 10 selected herbs from Vrujci Spa, Serbia. Journal of Industrial Crops and Products, 52: 519-527.