The effects of drought and salt stresses on some morphological and biochemical parameters of savory (Satureja hortensis L.)
Subject Areas :
Medicinal Plants
Sedegeh Fabriki ourang
1
(
1Assistant Professor, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran.
)
Sorayya Mehrabad-Pourbenab
2
(
2M.Sc. student of Plant Breeding, Imam Khomeini International University, Qazvin, Iran
)
Received: 2016-08-22
Accepted : 2016-11-08
Published : 2016-12-01
Keywords:
Anthocyanin,
Flavonoid,
Salinity,
drought,
Summer Savory,
Abstract :
There exist a number of reports regarding secondary metabolites increasing under the environmental stresses. Hence, to study the effects of drought (70 and 40% field capacity) and salinity (50 mM NaCl) on some morphological and biochemical parameters of summer Savory (Satureja hortensis L.), inclusive fresh and dry weight of leaf, root and shoot, plant height, root length, root to shoot ratio, several leaves and branches, total chlorophyll, chlorophyll a and b, anthocyanin, flavonoids and total alkaloid, an experiment was conducted in a completely randomized design with four replications and treatments. Biochemical compounds were measured using spectrophotometric method. The analysis of variance were showed that drought and salinity, plant tissue and their interactions were significantly (p≤0.01) different for all chemical compounds except for flavonoids. The results were showed that salt stress did not have negative impact on morphological traits, and in salinity compared to non-stress, plant height (from 18.4 to 19.8 cm), a number of leaves (from 33 to 36) and root fresh weight (from 0.05 to 0.08 gr) increased significantly, but shoot fresh weight (with 0.5 and 0.52 gr), shoot dry weight (0.03 and 0.03 gr), root dry weight (0.02 and 0.016 gr) and leaf dry weight (0.04 and 0.04 gr) did not have any significant differences. All features were affected by drought stress comparison to non-stress so it was determined that summer savory is sensitive to drought and salinity-resistant. The total alkaloid increased under severe drought stress (0.173 OD.g-1.DW) and salinity (0.16 OD.g-1.DW) compared to non-stress (0.12 OD.g-1.DW) about 44 and 33%, respectively. Carotenoids decreased with increasing severity of drought stress, while it increased under salt stress (0.133 mg.g-1.FW) compared with non- stress (0.12 mg.g-1.FW). Flavonoid content was not affected by stress treatments, while the amount of anthocyanins decreased significantly in drought and salinity (0.67 and 0.62 OD.g-1.FW) compared to non-stress (1.23 OD.g-1.FW).
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