Effect of neem seed powder on tomato root-knot nematode Meloidogyne Incognita Mill.
Subject Areas : Genetic
Sh Hadian
1
(Islamic Azad University, Damghan Branch.)
، کامران Rahnama
2
(Department of plant protection of collage crop sciences, Gorgan University of Agricultural)
سالار Jamali
3
(Department of plant protection of Gillan University.)
علی Eskandari
4
(Department of plant protection of Islamic Azad University, Damghan branch.)
Keywords: Tomato, root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita, Azadirachta indica, Neem seed powder, Carbofuran,
Abstract :
Attention to bad effect of chemical control, usage of plant material in diseases controling finds more attraction. The effect of neem seed powder against tomato root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita (Kofoid & White) Chitwood. Was investigated in green house condition and compared with the effect of Carbofuran. Treatments were control, nematode, nematode and Carbofuran, nematode and neem seed powder. Tomato plants inoculated at seedling stage with 2000 second stage juvenile nematodes per plant. Experiments were carried out in completely randomized design with four replicates. The investigated morphological indices contained wet and dry weight of roots and shoots, stem height, root length, final population of nematodes, reproduction rate and root knot index. The results showed that neem seed powder and Carbofuran treatments had maximum effects on plant growth and produced minimum root-galls. On the other hand, they decreased total population of nematodes in soil and root significantly (P=0.01). The most wet weight, 4.72, dry weight 0.15 and also, the highest shoots, 25.23 were recorded in neem seed powder treatment and in compare with control cause 0.3 percentage reduction in nematode population was observed in pots treated with neem seed powder. So, in this research neem has better effect in nematode population control rather than Carbofuran.
احمدی، ع.، و مرتضوی بک، ا. (1384). واکنش تعدادی از ارقام گوجه فرنگی به نماتود مولد گره ریشه. مجله بیماری های گیاهی. 41: 414-403.
قاسمخانی، م. (1378). مقایسه برخی ساختارهای شیمیایی مشترک دو گیاه چریش (Azadirachta indica) و زیتون تلخ (Melia azedarach) و اثرات پاتوفیزیولوژیک (ضد آفت) بعضی از آن ترکیبات. پایان نامه کارشناسی ارشد، رشته علوم گیاهی (فیزیولوژی گیاهی). دانشگاه علوم کشاورزی و منابع طبیعی گرگان. 75 ص.
_||_Control of Meloidogyne incognita root-knot nematode on egg-plant with organic amendments and nematicides. Pak. J. Nematol., 26(1): 83-89.
Akhtar, M. and Alam, M.M. 1993. Control of plant- parasitic nematodes by (NIMIN) an urea-coating agent and some plant oils. Zeitschrift fuer pflanzenkrankheiten und pflanzenschutz (Germany). 100(4): 337-342.
Akhtar, M. (2000). Nematicidal potential of the tree Azadirachta indica (A. Juss). Integ. Pest Manag. Rev. 5: 57-66.
Chakraborti, S. (2001). Integrated management approach for root-knot nematode in jute. Ind. J. Nematol. 31: 44-46.
Chitwood, D.J. (2002). Phytochemical based strategies for nematode control. Annu. Rev. Phytopath. 40: 221-249.
Gommers, F.J. Barker, J. (1988). Physiological diseases induced by plant response or products, In: Pointer, G.O. and Jansson, H.B. (Eds.). Disease of Nematodes. vol. 1. Boca Raton, CRC Press Inc., Florida, USA, PP.,3-22.
Hasabo, S.A. and Noweer, E.M.A. 2005. Management of root-knot nematode Meloidogyne incognita on Eggplant with some plant extracts. Egypts. Phytopathol, Vol 32, N0 2, 65-72.
Haseeb, A., Anita, S. and Prabhat Kumar., S. 2005. Studies on the management of root-knot nematode, Meloidogyne incognita- Wilt fungus, Fusarium oxysporum disease complex of green gram, Vigna radiate cv ML-1108. J. of Zhejiang University Science. 6B(8): 736-742.
Javed, N., Gowen, S.R., El-Hassan, S.A., Inam-ul- Haq, M., Shahina, F. and Pembroke, B. 2008. Efficacy of neem (Azadirachta indica) formulation on biology of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne javanica) on tomato. Crop Protection 27: 36-43.
Jepson, S., 1987. Identification of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne species). London, UK.C. A. B. International. 293 p.
Neog, P.P. and Bora, B.C., 1999. Organic amendment for the management of Meloidogyne incognita in tea nusary. J. Agric. Sci. 12: 203-206.
Pandey, R. 2002. Application of botanical extract for management of root knot nematode disease in Kacholam. Indian J. Nematol. 32: 198-200.
Saxena, R. and Lalita, L. ( 2005). Biotoxcity of some ornamental leaf extract against Meloidogyne incognita. Indian J. Nematol. 35(2): 145-147.
Pandey, R., Kalra, A., Tandon, S., Mehrotra, N., Singh, H.N. and Kumar, S. (2000). Essential oils as potent sources of nematicidal compounds. J. Phytopath. 148: 501-502.
Rather, M.A. and Siddiqui, M.A. 2007. Neem for the control of root-knot nematode infection tomato. Indian J. of Nematology. Vol37, No.1. 81-110.
Taylor, A.L. and Sasser, J.N. ( 1978). Biology, identification and control of root-knot nematodes (Meloidogyne spp). A cooperative publication of the department of plant pathology, North Carolina State University and the United States Agency for International Development, Raleigh North Carolina, PP., 111.
Tariq, I. & Siddiqui, M.A. (2005). Evaluation of nematicidal properties of neem for the management of Meloidogyne incognita on tomato. Indian J. Nematol. 35: 56-58.
Wright, D.J. 1981. Nematicides: Mode of action and new approaches to chemical control. In: Zukerman, B.M., Rhode, R.A. (Eds.), Plant parasitic nematodes. Vol.3, Academic Press, New York & London, p. 421-449.