Analysis and study of citizens' travel behavior in the middle cities of Iran and its comparison with developed countries (Case study of Birjand)
Subject Areas :Yadollah Gholampoor 1 , Korosh Afzali 2 , Morteza Araghi 3 , Mohammad Hasan Ghanifar 4
1 - PhD Student, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art, Arcitecture and Urban Planning, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Urban Planning, Faculty of Art, Architecture and Urban Planning, Kerman Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kerman, Iran
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Civil Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Birjand, Iran
4 - Assistant Professor, Department of Psychology, Faculty of Literature and Human Sciences, Birjand Branch, Islamic Azad University, Birjand, Iran
Keywords: Transportation, Birjand, Citizens, Keywords: Travel Behavior,
Abstract :
AbstractThis paper presents a conceptual framework for research on travel behavior by defining the scope of the research goal and conceptualizing the traveler as a transport network actor in terms of infrastructure, human networks, and addressing the social content of activities. Also, the study and analysis of passenger behavior in the middle cities of Iran (Birjand), including the frequency of travel of different people per day, the purpose of travel and mode selection is presented. Then, the differences between Birjand city in Iran and developed countries (USA, UK and Netherlands) in passenger behavior are compared, and the obtained data are analyzed. This research is of a fundamental type and its method is a combination (quantitative-qualitative) in the form of survey, descriptive and analytical. The statistical population of the study is selected from the users of Birjand public transportation network and the statistical sample size is selected based on Cochran's formula, during which 389 people including 202 men and 187 women are selected. The results show that people over the age of 60 choose to go shopping, entertainment and physical education more than those under the age of 60. Women shop more than men, on the contrary, more men choose entertainment and physical education than women. As people get older, more and more people choose walking as the main mode of travel, and less people choose bicycles or motor cars to travel.
Ajzen I. The theory of Planned Behavior. Organ. Behav. Hum. Decis. Process. 1991;50:179–211. doi: 10.1016/0749-5978(91)90020-T.
Ajzen I., Fishbein M. Attitudes and the attitude-behavior relation: Reasoned and automatic processes. Eur. Rev. Soc. Psychol. 2000;11:1–
Alsnih, R., Hensher, D. A. (2013). The mobility and accessibility expectations of seniors in an aging population. Transportation Research Part A, 37, 903-916. analysis. Journal of Transport Geography, 13, 340-351
Arai, A., Mizuno, Y., Arai, Y. (2011). Implementation of municipal mobility support services for older people who have stopped driving in Japan. Public Health, 125(11), 799-805
Asch S.E. Effects of group pressure upon the modification and distortion of judgement. In: Guestzkow M.H., editor. Groups, Leadership and Men. Carnegie; Pittsburgh, PA, USA: 1951. pp. 117–190.
Burkhardt, J., Berger, A.M., McGavock, A.T. (2000). The Mobility Consequences of the Reduction or Cessation of Driving by Older Women. Ecosometrics, Inc.
Carp, F.M. (1971). , The Gerontologist 11(2), 104-111
Clarke, P., Ailshire, J.A., Lantz, P. (2019). Urban built environments and trajectories of mobility disability: Findings from a national sample of community-dwelling American adults (1986 2001). Social Science & Medicine, 69, 964-970
Di Ciommo, F., Comendador, J., López-Lambas, M. E., Cherchi, E. & de Dios Ortúzar, J. (2014). Exploring the Role of Social Capital Influence Variables on Travel Behavior. Transportation Research Part A: Policy and Practice, 68, 46-55.
Facts and Details. (2011). Elderly people, retirement and graying of China. June , 2011 http://factsanddetails.com/china.php?itemid=106&catid=4&subcatid=21
Fornell C. A national customer satisfaction barometer: The Swedish experience. J. Mark. 1992;56:6–21.
Fujii S., Gärling T. Application of attitude theory for improved predictive accuracy of stated preference methods in travel demand analysis. Transp. Res. Part A. 2013;37:389–402. doi: 10.1016/S0965-8564(02)00032-0.
Gärling T., Gillholm R., Gärling A. Reintroducing attitude theory in travel behavior research: The validity of an interactive interview procedure to predict car use. Transportation. 2018;25:147–167.doi:10.1023/A:100500431177.
Gwinner K.P., Gremler D.D., Bitner M.J. Relational benefits in service industries: The customer’s perspective. J. Acad. Mark. Sci. 1998;26:101–114.
Harbin Institute of Technology. (2018). The Report of Changchun City Residents Travel Survey Analysis. 2008. Harbin, China (In Chinese)
Hildebrand, E. D. (2013). Dimensions in elderly travel behavior: a simplified activity-based model using lifestyle cluster. Transportation, 30, 285-306
Jim, C.Y., Chen, S.S. (2013). Comprehensive greenspace planning based on landscape ecology principles in compact Nanjing city, China. Landscape and Urban Planning, 65, 95-116
Kenichi Shoji (2017), Lessons From Japanese Experiences Of Roles Of Public And Private Sectors In Urban Transport.
Kinsella, K., He, W. U.S. (2019). Census Bureau, International Population Reports, P95/09-1, An Aging World: 2008, U.S. Government Printing Office, Washington, D.C., 2019.
M, Arntz and., R, Assaad 2015. (outc market gendered and mobility geographical evidencefromEgy: omesunderstructuraladjustment 454–431), 3 (33.Vol, Dev World», p
Mann E., Abraham C. The role of affect in UK commuters’ travel mode choices: In interpretative phenomenological analysis. Br. J. Psychol. 2006;97:155–176. doi: 10.1348/000712605X61723.
Marlon 2015 The: travel work-non in gap gender land and potential earning income of roles r Economics Urban of Journal.
Mercado, R., Paez, A., Scott, D., Newbold, K., Kanaroglou P. (2017). Transport policy in aging societies: An international comparison and implications for Canada. The Open Transportation Journal, 1, 1-13. Published with permission from Bentham Science Publishers Ltd.
Newbold, K.B., Scott, D.M., Spinney, J.E.L., Kanaroglou, P., Páez, A. (2005). : a cohort
OECD. (2011). Ageing and transport: mobility needs and safety issues. OECD Publications, Paris, France
Oxley, J., Charlton, J., Scully, J., Koppel, S. (2010). Older female drivers: An emerging transport safety and mobility issue in Australia. Accident Analysis and Prevention, 42, 515-522
Pettersson, P., Schmöcker, J.-D. (2018). Active ageing in developing countries? - Trip generation and tour complexity of older people in Metro Manila. Journal of Transport Geography, 18(5), 613-623
Pullman M.E., Gross M.A. Ability of experience design elements to elicit emotions and loyalty behaviors.Decis.Sci. 2004;35:551–578.
Samet, R. H. (2019). Complexity, the science of cities and long-range futures. Futures 47: 49–58.
Schmöcker, J.-D. Quddus, M.A., Noland, R.B., Bell, M.G.H. (2018). Mode choice of older and disabled people: a case study of shopping trips in London. Journal of Transport Geography, 16, 257-267
Schwanen T., Banister D., Anable J. Rethinking habits and their role in behavior change: The case of low-carbon mobility. J. Transp. Geogr. 2012;24:522–532.
Sheeran P. Intention-behavior relations: A conceptual and empirical review. Eur. Rev. Soc. Psychol. 2012;12:1–36. doi: 10.1080/14792772143000003.
Sugiyama, T., Thompson, C.W. (2018). Associations between characteristics of neighbourhood open space and .
Todd Litman (2019), Victoria Transport Policy Institute, Evaluatingpublic Transit Benefits And Costs, Best Practices Guidebook
Urban Forestry & Urban Greening, 7, 41-51
Yaghfoori, H., Eskandarisani, M., Akbari, F. (2018). The Role of the historical context in promoting components of urban competitiveness with emphasis to tourism (the case study: historical context of Birjand city).. Spatial Planning, 7(3), 63-84. doi: 10.22108/sppl.2017.106274.1111
Zhang, Z., Mao, B., Liu, M., Chen, J., Guo, J. (2017). Analysis of travel characteristics of elders in Beijing. Journal of Transportation System Engineering and Information Technology, 7(6), 11-20
_||_