Teachers' Experiences of the Challenges of Shadow Education in the Educational System

Subject Areas : Instruction

Behboud Yarigholi ¹ , Mohammad Doosti ² , Isa Barghi ³ , Parvin Bahari ⁴

1 - Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences. Faculty of Education and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
2 - . M.A in Curriculum planning. Department of Educational Sciences. Faculty of Education and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran
3 - Associate Professor, Department of Educational Sciences. Faculty of Education and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran.
4 - M.A in Educational Research. Department of Educational Sciences. Faculty of Education and Psychology, Azarbaijan Shahid Madani University, Tabriz, Iran

Received: 2023-10-12 Accepted : 2023-12-11 Published : 2023-12-11

Keywords: educational system, Shadow Education, Private tutoring, supplementary tutoring,

Abstract :

The purpose of this study was to describe the life experiences teachers of challenges shadow education were in the education system. In this research, a qualitative method of Phenomenology type was used. In order to gain experiences, 15 people from teachers with schools’ experience were selected by purposive sampling method until reaching theoretical saturation. Data were collected using semi-structured interviews and analyzed by using of Colaizzi method. After reviewing the validity of the data by the participants, obtained codes, were summarized in the form of 6 main concepts and 15 sub-concepts. The findings showed Challenges related to teachers with sub-concepts (Professional and scientific incapability, Inappropriate appearance features, Non in-service trainings, and low salary and benefits), Challenges related to students performance and position with sub-concepts (Learning Disabilities, Motiveless and Disinterested, and Inaccessibility), Challenges related to families with sub-concepts (Lack of awareness of families about individual and psychological characteristics of students, Unfavorable economic conditions, and Cultural weakness of families), Challenges related to government with concept (Low functions of the government), Challenges related to advertising with sub-concepts (Marketing of individuals and Abuse of educational institutions) and Challenges related to educational facilities and environment with sub-concepts (Lack of facilities and equipment and Unfavorable educational environment) it is the most important basic and secondary concepts’ in teachers’ experiences. As result shadow education in the form of private tutoring can pose challenges for teachers, students, families and formal institutions in teaching and learning.