Weed Interference Duration Effect on Yield and Yield Components of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) in Conventional and Organic Conditions
Subject Areas : Journal of Crop EcophysiologyMasoud Zarei 1 , Mohammad Armin 2 , Mosarreza Hokmabadi 3
1 - Former M.Sc. Student, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
2 - Associate Professor, Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
3 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Sabzevar Branch, Islamic Azad University, Sabzevar, Iran
Keywords: competition, cumin, Interference, Medicinal plant, Cultivation system, Yield losses,
Abstract :
To investigate the effect of duration of weed interference on yield and yield components of cumin grown under conventional and organic condition, a field experiment was conducted in a private farm in Sabzevar in 2017-2018. A split plot experiment based on a randomized complete block design with three replications was conducted. Factors were conventional and organic growing was considered as the main factor and duration of weed interference (0, 2, 4, 6 weeks after emergence and weedy) as subplots. The results showed that conventional farming in terms of weed density, weed dry matter, plant height, lateral branch number, number of seed per umbrella, biologic and seed yield were better than organic farming, while, number of umbrella per plant under organic farming was higher than that of conventional farming. Increasing duration of interference decreased plant height (20.21%), lateral branches (42.85%), the number of umbrella per plant (47.91%), the number of seeds per umbrella (37.5%), biological yield (33.96%) and seed yield (43.90%). Fitted logistic regression function coefficients showed that the onset of yield loss was earlier (11 days after emergence) in conventional condition while in organic condition it was postponed to 17.5 days after emergence. Overall, the results showed that weed interference, under both conventional and organic conditions, reduced seed yield. Weed interference under organic farming delayed 4 weeks and under conventional condition to 2 weeks after cumin emergence and yield reduction was not significant. Thus, control of weeds in conventional conditions should commence from 12 days after emergence and under organic conditions from 18 days after emergence.
· Asghari, M., and M. Armin. 2015. Effect of weed interference in different agronomic managements on grain yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.). Journal of Crop Ecophysiology. 32(4): 407-422. (In Persian).
· Birla, L., I.S. Naruka, R.P.S Shaktawat, and S.R. Ajnave. 2016. Integrated weed management in cumin. Indian Journal of Weed Science .48(1): 102–104.
· Blackshaw, R. 2005. Nitrogen fertilizer, manure, and compost effects on weed growth and competition with spring wheat. Agronomy Journal. 97(6): 1612-1621.
· Bond, W., and A. Grundy. 2001. Non-chemical weed management in organic farming systems. Weed Research. 41(5): 383-405
· Dastorani, M., E. Gholamalipour Alamdari, A. Biabani, Z. Avarsaji, and M. Habibi. 2018. Study the several herbicides effect on weeds control and yield of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Iranian Journal of Weed Science. 14(1):83-95. (In Persian).
· De Decker, J.J., J.B. Masiunas, A.S. Davis, and C.G. Flint. 2014. Weed management practice selection among Midwest US organic growers. Weed Science. 62(3): 520-531.
· Gonzalez, R.F., and L.R. Cooperband. 2002. Compost effects on soil physical properties and field nursery production. Compost Science and Utilization. 10(3): 226-237.
· Harker, K.N., R.E. Blackshaw, and G.W. Clayton. 2001. Timing weed removal in field pea (Pisum sativum). Weed Technology. 15(2): 277-283.
· Heshmatnia, M., and M. Armin. 2016. Effects of weed interference duration on yield and yield components of chickpea (Cicer arietinum) in two different production system. Journal of Crop Prodcution. 9(1): 25-47. (In Persian).
· Hosseini, A., A.R. Kouchaki, and M.M. Nasiri. 2006. Critical period of weed control in cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Iranian Journal of Field Crops Research. 4(1): 23-44. (In Persian).
· Kafi, M., M.H. Rashed Mohassel, A. Koocheki, and A. Molafilabi. 2002. Cumin, technology and processingFerdowsi University of Mashhad. (In Persian).
· Mehriya, M., R. Yadav, R. Jangir, and B. Poonia. 2007. Effect of crop-weed competition on seed yield and quality of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). Indian Journal of Weed Science. 39(1,2): 104-108.
· Nasarabadi, H., M. Armin, and H. Marvi. 2019. The effect of weed interference duration on yield and yield components of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) in irrigated and rainfed condition. Journal of Crop Production. 12(2):157-170. (In Persian).
· Nasarabadi, H., M. Armin, and H. Marvi. 2020. Critical period of weed control of Cumin (Cuminum cyminum) in rainfed condition. Journal of Agricultural science and Sustainable Production. In press. (In Persian).
· Patel, S.M., A.U. Amin, and J.A. Patel. 2016. Effect of weed management practices on weed indices, yield and economics of cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.). International Journal of Seed Spices. 6(3): 78-83.
· Turner, R., G. Davies, H. Moore, A. Grundy, and A. Mead. 2007. Organic weed management: a review of the current UK farmer perspective. Crop Protection. 26(3): 377-382.
· Yadav, R., and A. Dahama. 2003. Effect of planting date, irrigation and weed-control method on yield and and water-use efficiency of cumin (Cuminum cyminum). Indian Journal of Agricultural Science. 73(9): 494-496.
· Yadav, S., and O. Sharma. 2004. Growth analysis in cumin (Cuminum cyminum L.) under different weed control methods and nitrogen levels. Journal of Spices Aromatics Crops. 13(2): 92-96.
· Yadav, S., O. Sharma, R. Yadav, and G. Keshwa. 2005. Growth and yield of cumin (Cuminum cyminum) as influenced by different weed control measures and nitrogen levels. Journal of Medicina Aromatices Plant Sciences. 27(4): 669-674.
_||_
