Evaluation of Trichoderma spp. isolates for biocontrol of fusarium wilt of carnation in greenhouse
Subject Areas : Plant Pests
Asma Moeeni
1
(
Former MSc. Student , Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Varamin –Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
)
Mohammad Torabi
2
(
Departement of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture, Varamin-Pishva Branch, Islamic Azad University, Varamin, Iran
)
Dariush Shahriari
3
(
Assistant Professor, Agricultural and Natural Resources Research Center of Tehran Province, Varamin, Iran.
)
Keywords: Carnation, biocontrol, Fusarium wilt, Trichoderma spp, hyphal growth inhibition,
Abstract :
One of the most destructive soil-borne diseases of carnation is fusarium wilt caused by Fusarium oxysporumf.sp. dianthi. In This study, antagonistic potential of different isolotes of three Trichoderma species on growth of the pathogen in laboratory and control of the disease in greenhouse was investigated. Isolates of the antagonist were Ta1, Ta2 and Ta3 belonging to Trichoderma atroviride, sixteen isolates Th1-Th16 belonging to T. harzianum and one isolate Tl1 belonging to T. longibrachiatum. Dual culture and colonization tests were carried out in a completely randomized design with three replications. Isolates Ta3, Ta2 and Ta1 which completely covered colonies of the pathogen after five days, were the mosts successful colonizers. Inhibitory effect of volatile metabolites of Ta3 isolate in 72h and 96h cultures of the pathogen and antagonis (60% and 72%, respectively) was higher than those of the other isolates. In greenhouse, soil treatment with isolates of Trichoderma, to study the biocontrol effects the isolates was carried out in an experiment with 21 treatments in three replications. The results showed that different isolates could control the disease in different levels. Isolate Ta3 had the highest effect on disease control and reduction of cuttings death, followed by isolates Ta1, Ta2, Ta3 and Th2. In general, the antagonist isolates had less effects on growth of the plant, but reduced disease severity.
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