Signaling Pathways of Cardiac Hypertrophy: A Review Article
Subject Areas : Physical Activity and Health
1 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Kermanshah Branch, Islamic Azad University, Kermanshah, Iran
Keywords: Physical Activity, Hypertrophy, HEART,
Abstract :
AbstractThe aim of this study was to investigate the signaling pathways of cardiac hypertrophy. In this study, the types of cardiac hypertrophy and the signaling pathways of cardiac hypertrophy were investigated. We searched for studies related to cardiac hypertrophy and cardiac hypertrophy signaling pathways published in Springer, Hindawi, PubMed, Google Scholar, Scopus, SID and ISC using keywords hypertrophy and cardiac signaling pathways. The findings showed that there are several signaling mechanisms in cardiac hypertrophy, which include;TGFB/TNFα/Mtor/PI3K-AKT-PKB/IGF1/Calcineurin NFAT/ PKC/ MAPK. It is concluded that hypertrophy of the heart takes place in two forms, acentric and concentric. Physical activity reduces renal blood flow and as a result, renin is secreted. The increase in renin secretion causes the production and increase of angiotensin II and aldosterone during and immediately after exercise through the AKT/mTOR pathway. On the other hand, IGF1 causes the phosphorylation of IRS-1 and PI3K, resulting in left ventricular hypertrophy.
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