Effects of different levels of plantain (Plantago major L.) Extraction of diet on growth indices, of Common carp (Cyprinus carpio).
Subject Areas :Abdul Bahsir Wahidi 1 , Hamed kolangi miandareh 2 , Mohammad Sudagar 3 , Ali Jafar 4 , Ali Shabani 5
1 - Faculty of Agriculture, Kunduz University
2 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
3 - Associate Professor, Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Natural Resources, Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources.
4 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
5 - Gorgan University of Agricultural Sciences and Natural Resources
Keywords: Common carp (Cyprinus carpio), growth, plantain major, Extraction,
Abstract :
The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of different levels of plantain (Plantago major L) extraction on several growth indices and nutritional efficacy in Common carp (Cyprinus carpio). For this purpose, 204 common carps with an average weight (18.69 ± 2.09 g) in 4 treatments and each treatment with 3 replicas including: control (without Extract of Great Plantain Extract), 0.1, 0.5 and 1% of the extraction distributed in kilograms of food, feeding the fish twice a day, with 3% of body weight and the experimental period was 8 weeks. At the end of the experiment period, the results showed growth indices (weight gain, weight gain percentage, specific growth coefficient, daily weight and percentage of daily weight gain) and some nutrition indices (feed conversion coefficient and feed efficiency coefficient) with no significant difference with the control group (P> 0.05). The highest and lowest weight gain, weight gain percentage and condition factor were observed in the 0.1% extraction diet and control group, respectively. The highest and lowest specific growth coefficients were observed in 0.1% and 0.5% extraction diet and control groups, respectively. The lowest feed conversion coefficient was observed in 1% extraction diet and the lowest feed efficiency coefficient was observed in the control group. According to the results, different levels of extraction had no significant effect on growth performance and nutritional efficiency.
منابع
1-آموز حقیقی، س. ر.، باقری، خ. و شرفی، ع. 1397. کشت بافت و بازازایی درون شیشه ای گیاه داروییPlantgo major. مجله زیست فناوری گیاهان دارویی، شماره 1، ص 38-42.
2-باعثی، ف.، آبرومند، ع.، ضیائی نژاد، س. و جواهری بابلی، م. 1395. تاثیر لاکتوباسیل های پروبیوتیکی تجاری بر پارامترهای رشد، بقاء و شاخص های تغذیه ای ماهی کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio). نشریه توسعه آبزی پروری، شماره 4، ص 39-49.
3-برتینا، س. و چله مال دز فول نژاد، م. 1396. اثر پودر دارچین (Cinnamomum zelanicum) در جیره غذایی بر شاخص های رشد، بقا و ترکیبات شیمیایی عضله ماهی کپور معمولی. مجله تحقیقات منابع طبیعی تجدید شونده، شماره 1، ص 80-91.
4-بیگی چم جنگلی، ج.ا.، حاجی مرادلو، ع.م. و پاک نژاد، ح. 1397. تأثیر سطوح مختلف پوست پرتقال(Citrus sinensis) در جیره بر عملکرد رشد ماهی کپور معمولی (Cyprinus carpio). انتشارات بهره برداری و پرورش آبزیان، شماره 4، ص 21-28.
5-جمشیدی، آ.، حاجتی، م. و بخشی خانیکی، غ. ر. 1396. تأثیر عصاره های الکلی و آبی گونه هایی از جنس بارهنگ در سنین 2-3 و 5 ماهگی روی میکروارگانیسم های مختلف. انتشارت پیک نور، شماره 4، ص 1-9.
6-حسن پور، س.، سلاطی، ا. پ.، فلاحتکار، ب. و محمدی آذرم، ح. 1396. اثرات تغذیه با سطوح مختلف عصاره چای سبز بر رشد، ترکیب لاشه و دفاع آنتی اکسیدانی در تاسماهی هیبرید(Huso huso × ♂ Acipenser ruthenus♀) جوان. مجله علمی و پژوهشی زیست شناسی دریا، شماره 35، ص 23-32.
7-ستاری، م.، شاهسونی، د.، شفیعی، ش. ۱۳۸۲. ماهی شناسی 2 سیستماتیک. انتشارات حق شناس ۵۰۲ ص.
8-صفاری، ص.، علیشاهی، م. 1393. تاثیر عصاره الکلی بره موم بر برخی فکتورهای ایمنی و خونی ماهی کپور معمولی. انتشارات دانشگاه علوم و فنون دریایی خرمشهر، شماره 8-9، ص 226-230.
9-طب سنتی اسلام و ایران. 1395. بارهنگ. مجله طب سنتی اسلام و ایران، ص 25-28.
10-غلام پور، ط. ع.، جعفری، و. ا.، ایمان پور، م. ر. و کلنگی میاندره، ح. 1395. تأثیر عصاره هیدروالکلی گیاه پنج انگشت(Vitex agnus-castus L.) بر شاخص های رشد و نرخ بقاء در گوره خر ماهی(Danio rerio). انتشارت یافتههای نوین در علوم زیستی، شماره 4، ص 269-278.
11-فرامرزی، ز.، موسوی، س. م.، ذاکری، م. و زنگویی، ن. 1395. اثرات سطوح مختلف پودر و عصاره الکلی یونجه (Medicago sativa) بر عملکرد رشد، تغذیه، بیوشیمیایی لاشه و برخی فاکتورهای بیوشیمیایی سرم خونی ماهی کپور معمولی(Cyprinus carpio). مجله منابع طبیعی ایران، شماره 2، ص 235-251.
12-کاویانی فرد، س.، حیدریه، ن.، جمالو، ف.، علی نژاد، گ.، علی نژاد، م. و عینی، ع. م. 1395. اثر عصاره هیدروالکلی بارهنگ برآستانه تشنج ناشی از پنتلین تترازول در موش های سوری. مجله علمی دانشگاه علوم پزشکی گرگان، شماره 2، ص 41-45.
13.Adel, M., Amiri, A. A., Zorriehzahra, J., Nematolahi, A., Esteban, M. Á. (2015). Effects of dietary peppermint(Mentha piperita) on growth performance, chemical body composition and hematological and immune parameters of fry Caspian white fish (Rutilus frisii kutum). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 45(2); 841-847.
14.Altunoglu, Y. C., Bilen, S., Ulu, F., Biswas, G. (2017). Immune responses to methanolic extract of black cumin (Nigella sativa) in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish & shellfish immunology, 1(67); 103-109.
15.Awad, E., Amani A. (2017). Role of medicinal plants on growth performance and immune status in fish. Fish & shellfish immunology, 67 ; 40-54.
16.Bao, L., Chen, Y., Li, H., Zhang, J., Wu, P., Ye, K., Ai, h. (2019). Dietary Ginkgo biloba leaf extract alters immune-related gene expression and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in common carp Cyprinus carpio. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 94 (1); 810-818.
17.Behbahani, B. A., Yazdi, F. T., Shahidi, F., Hesarinejad, M. A., Mortazavi, S. A., Mohebbi, M. (2017). Plantago major seed mucilage: Optimization of extraction and some physicochemical and rheological aspects. Carbohydrate Polymers, 155 (2); 68-77.
18.Bilen, S., Özkan, O., Alagöz, K., Özdemir, K. Y. (2018). Effect of dill (Anethum graveolens) and garden cress (Lepidium sativum) dietary supplementation on growth performance, digestive enzyme activities and immune responses of juvenile common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Aquaculture, 495 (1); 611-616.
19.Bilen, S., Altief, T. A. S., Özdemir, K. Y., Salem, M. O. A., Terzi, E., Güney, K. (2020). Effect of lemon balm (Melissa officinalis) extract on growth performance, digestive and antioxidant enzyme activities, and immune responses in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 46(1); 471-481.
20.Cho, S. H., Lee, S. M. (2012). Onion powder in the diet of the olive flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus: effects on the growth, body composition, and lysozyme activity. Journal of the World Aquaculture Society, 43(1); 30-38.
21.Elbesthi, R. T. A., Özdemir, K. Y., Taştan, Y., Bilen, S., Sönmez, A. Y. (2020). Effects of ribwort plantain (Plantago lanceolata) extract on blood parameters, immune response, antioxidant enzyme activities, and growth performance in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 6;1-13.
22.Genc, Y., Dereli, F. T. G., Saracoglu, I., Akkol, E. K. (2020). The inhibitory effects of isolated constituents from Plantago major subsp. major L. on collagenase, elastase and hyaluronidase enzymes: Potential wound healer. Saudi Pharmaceutical Journal, 28(1); 101-106.
23.Giri, S. S., Sukumaran, V., Park, S. C. (2019). Effects of bioactive substance from turmeric on growth, skin mucosal immunity and antioxidant factors in common carp, Cyprinus carpio. Fish & shellfish immunology, 92(1); 612-620.
24.Hosseini, S. M., Hoseinifar, S. H., Mazandarani, M., Paknejad, H., Van Doan, H., El-Haroun, E. (2020). The potential benefits of orange peels derived pectin on serum and skin mucus immune parameters, antioxidant defence and growth performance in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 1-17. doi: https://doi.org/10.1016/j.fsi.2020.04.019.
25.Jahazi, M. A., Hoseinifar, S. H., Jafari, V., Hajimoradloo, A., Van Doan, H., Paolucci, M. (2020). Dietary supplementation of polyphenols positively affects the innate immune response, oxidative status, and growth performance of common carp, Cyprinus carpio L. Aquaculture, 25;517. 734709.
26.Saffidine, K., Sahli, F., Zerroug, M. M. (2015). Antioxidant and antimicrobial activities of Plantago major. International Journal of Pharmacy and Pharmaceutical Sciences, 7(5); 58-64.
27.Kobeasy, I., Abdel-Fatah, M., Abd El-Salam, S. M., Mohamed, Z. E. O. M. (2011). Biochemical studies on Plantago major L. and Cyamopsis tetragonoloba L. International Journal of Biodiversity and Conservation, 31 (3); 83-91.
28.Mohammadi, G., Rashidian, G., Hoseinifar, S. H., Naserabad, S. S., Van Doan, H. (2020). Ginger (Zingiber officinale) extract affects growth performance, body composition, haematology, serum and mucosal immune parameters in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 99(1); 267-273.
29.Nhu, T. Q., Hang, B. T. B., Hue, B. T. B., Quetin-Leclercq, J., Scippo, M. L., Phuong, N. T. (2019). Plant extract-based diets differently modulate immune responses and resistance to bacterial infection in striped catfish (Pangasianodon hypophthalmus). Fish & shellfish immunology, 92(1); 913-924.
30.Paray, B. A., Hoseini, S. M., Hoseinifar, S. H., Van Doan, H. (2020). Effects of dietary oak (Quercus castaneifolia) leaf extract on growth, antioxidant, and immune characteristics and responses to crowding stress in common carp (Cyprinus carpio). Aquaculture, 27;735276.
31.Pauly, D., ; Zeller, D. (2017). Comments on FAOs state of world fisheries and aquaculture (SOFIA 2016). Marine Policy,77; 176-181.
32.Saikia, S. K., Das, D. N. (2009). Feeding ecology of common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.) in a rice–fish culture system of the Apatani plateau (Arunachal Pradesh, India). Aquatic Ecology, 43(2); 559-568.
33.Srichaiyo, N., Tongsiri, S., Hoseinifar, S. H., Dawood, M. A., Esteban, M. Á., Ringø, E. (2020). The effect of fishwort (Houttuynia cordata) on skin mucosal, serum immunities, and growth performance of Nile tilapia. Fish & Shellfish Immunology, 98(1); 193-200.
34.Talpur, A. D. (2014). Mentha piperita (Peppermint) as feed additive enhanced growth performance, survival, immune response and disease resistance of Asian seabass, Lates calcarifer (Bloch) against Vibrio harveyi infection. Aquaculture, 420(15); 71-78.
35.Tan, X., Sun, Z., Liu, Q., Ye, H., Zou, C., Ye, C. (2018). Effects of dietary Ginkgo biloba leaf extract on growth performance, plasma biochemical parameters, fish composition, immune responses, liver histology, and immune and apoptosis-related genes expression of hybrid grouper (Epinephelus lanceolatus♂× Epinephelus fuscoguttatus♀) fed high lipid diets. Fish & shellfish immunology, 72; 399-409.
36.Tangestani, R., Alizadeh Doughikollaee, E., Ebrahimi, E., Zare, P. (2011). Effects of garlic of Essential oilasan immuno stimulant on hematological indices of juvenile beluga (Huso huso). Journal Vetrenery Research. 66(3);209-212.
37.Van Doan, H., Hoseinifar, S. H., Chitmanat, C., Jaturasitha, S., Paolucci, M., Ashouri, G., Dawood, M.D.O. (2019). The effects of Thai ginseng, Boesenbergia rotunda powder on mucosal and serum immunity, disease resistance, and growth performance of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus) fingerlings. Aquaculture, 513(15); 734388.
38.Wu, Y. S., Chen, Y. Y., Ueng, P. S., Nan, F. H. (2016). Effects of medicinal herbs Plantago asiatica, Houttuynia cordata and Mentha haplocalyx on non-specific immune responses of cobia (Rachycentron canadum). Fish & shellfish immunology, 58(1); 406-414.
39.Wang, J. L., Meng, X. L., Lu, R. H., Wu, C., Luo, Y. T., Yan, X.(2015). Effects of Rehmannia glutinosa on growth performance, immunological parameters and disease resistance to Aeromonas hydrophila in common carp (Cyprinus carpio L.). Aquaculture, 435(1); 293-300.
40.Yanbo, W., Zirong, X. (2006). Effect of probiotics for common carp (Cyprinus carpio) based on growth performance and digestive enzyme activities. Animal feed science and technology, 127(3-4); 283-292.
41.Yousefi, M., Hoseini, S. M., Vatnikov, Y. A., Kulikov, E. V., Drukovsky, S. G. (2019). Rosemary leaf powder improved growth performance, immune and antioxidant parameters, and crowding stress responses in common carp (Cyprinus carpio) fingerlings. Aquaculture,:505(30); 473-480.
42.Zubair, M., Widén, C., Renvert, S., Rumpunen, K. (2019). Water and ethanol extracts of Plantago major leaves show anti-inflammatory activity on oral epithelial cells. Journal of traditional and complementary medicine, 9(3);169-171.
43.Zhu, Y., Hu, P., Yao, J., Xu, D., Xu, Y., Tan, Q. (2019). Optimal dietary alcoholic extract of lotus leaf improved growth performance and health status of grass carp (Ctenopharyngodon idellus). Fish & shellfish immunology, 93(1); 1-7
_||_