The effects of educating Emotion Regulation strategies on symptoms of anexiety sensitivity in students with Social Anxiety Disorder

Subject Areas : Educational

khodamorad  momeni ¹ (Associate professor, Department of Psychology, Kermanshah, Iran.)
negar  mahmoodi ² (Psychology, Razi University, Kermanshah, Iran.)

Received: 2015-10-29 Accepted : 2019-11-30 Published : 2020-10-22

Keywords: anxiety sensitivity, educating Emotion Regulation strategies, Social anxiety, Students,

Abstract :

The purpose of this study was to determine the effects of educating Emotion Regulation strategies on symptoms of social anxiety in students with Social Anexity Disorder. The design was semi-experimental pretest-posttest with control group. The statistical population was all of studedents of azad university in saveh in academic year 94-95. By using available sampling, 28 subjects were selected and randomly assigned to an experimental (14 students) and a control (14 students) group. The assessment tools included Questionnaire of social anxiety )kannor, 2000) and Questionnaire of anexiety sensitivity (Reiss and Peterson 1985). experimental group received educating Emotion Regulation strategies in 10 sessions (90 minutes each). By finishing the experimental plan, a post test was taken from two groups and was followed after two months. The obtained data was analyzed statistically by using of analysis of Repeated Measures ANOVA and Bonferroni tests. The results of analysis of showed that educating Emotion Regulation strategies decreases Anxiety Sensitivity (p < 0\001) of students. Following up the grades of experimental group after two months indicated sustainment of intervention effect.

References:

Aderka, I. M., Hofmann, S. G., Nickerson, A., Hermesh, H., & Marom, S. (2012). Functional impairment in social anxiety disorder. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 393–400.

Agar-Wilson, M. & Jackson, T. (2012).Are emotion regulation skills related to adjustment among people with chronic pain, independent of pain coping? European Journal of Pain, 16(1), 105-14.

 

American Psychiatric Association. (2013). Diagnostic and statistical manual of mental disorders (5th ed.). Arlington, VA: American Psychiatric Press.

Amozadeh M, Bagheri A, SHoayri MR. (2012). Validity and Reliability of social phobia inventory (SPIN) in nonclinical Iranian sample. Fifth symposium on health psychology studies in iran,30,202-313.

Anderson, R.E., & Hope, D.A. (2009). The relationship among social phobia, physiological reactivity, and anxiety sensitivity in an adolescent population. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 23, 18-26.

Barlow, D. H. (1991). Disorders of emotion. Psychological inquiry, 2(1), 58-71.

 Bateni P, Abolghasemi A, Aliakbari Dehkordi M & Hormozi M. (2013). The efficacy of emotion-regulation skills training on the anxiety components among female school students. Journal of school psychology, 2(3),182-190.

Berking M, Znoj H. (2008). Development and validation of a self-report measure for the assessment of emotion regulation skills (SEK-27). Zeitschrift Fur Psychiatrie Psychologie and Psychotherapie, 56(2): 141–53.

Bridges LJ, Denham SA, Ganiban JM. (2004). Definitional issues in emotion regulation research. Child Development, 75(2): 340–5.

Cicchetti, D., Ackerman, B.P., & Izard, C.E. (1995). Emotion and emotion regulation in developmental Psychopathology. Develop Psychopatholo, 7, 1-10.

Dalbudak, E., Evren, C., Aldemir, S., Coskun, K.S., Yildirim, F.T., & Ugurlu, H. (2013). Alexithymi and personality in relation to social anxiety among university students. Psychiatry Research, 209, 167-172.

Deacon Brett, J., Jonathan S., Carol M., & David, F. (2014). The Anxiety Sensitivity Index - Revised: psychometric properties and factor structure in two nonclinical samples. Behavior Research and Therapy, 41, 1427–1449.

Floyd, M., Garfield, A., & Marcus, T. (2005). Anxiety sensitivity and worry. Personality and Individual Differences, 38, 1223–1229.

Grant, D.M., Beck, G.J., & Davila, J. (2007). Does anxiety sensitivity predict symptoms of panic, depression, and social anxiety?. Behavior research and therapy, 47, 2247-2255.

Gratz KL, Tull MT. (2010). The relationship between emotion dysregulation and deliberate self-harm among inpatients with substance use disorders. Cognitive therapy and research;34(6):544-553.

Gross JJ. (2007). Handbook of emotion regulation. New York: Guilford Press.

Gross, JJ., & Jazaieri, H. (2014). Emotion, emotion regulation and psychopathology: An affective science perspective. Clinical Psychological Science, 2(4), 387-401.

Hashemi Z, Mohammad alilou M, Hashemi nosrat-abadi T. (2010). The Effectiveness of Meta cognitive therapy on major depression disorder: A case report. Jornal of clinical psychology,2(3), 85-97.

Hermann C, Ofer J, Flor H. (2004). Covariation bias for ambiguous social stimuli in generalized social phobia. Journal of Abnormal Psychology;113:646–53.

Hofmann S. (2004). Cognitive mediation of treatment change in social phobia. J Consultion Clinical Psychology. 72:393–99.

Hofmann, S. (2005). Perception of control over anxiety mediates the relation between catastrophic thinking and social anxiety in social phobia. Behavior Research and Therapy. 43, 885–895.

Hosseini F, Pakize A, Salari Z. (2014). The role of early maladaptive schemas and difficulties in emotion regulation in students anxiety. Jornal of Behavioral Sciences,7(4), 297-305.

Jazaieri H, Morrision as,Goldin PR, Gross JJ. (2015) The role of emotion and emotion regulation in social anxiety disorder.Current Psychiatry Reports. 17(1):531.

Karekla, M., Forsyth, J. P., & Kelly, M. M. (2004). Emotional avoidance and panicogenic responding to a biological challenge procedure. Behavior Therapy, 35(4), 725-746.

Karimifar M, Rouholamini M S. (2016). Effectiveness of emotion regulation training on feeling connected among women with anxiety. The first national conference on modern research in the field of educational sciences and psychology in iran.

Kashdan, T.B., Barrios, V., Forsyth, J., & Steger, M.F. (2006). Experiential avoidance as a generalized psychological vulnerability: comparisons with coping and emotion regulation strategies. Behavior research and therapy, 44, 1301-1320.

Mantar, A,yemez,B,Alkin,T(2011).Anxiety Sensitivity and Its Importance in Psychiatric Disorders. Turkish Journal of Psychiatry.7,1-8.

Mashhadi A, Mirdoraghi F,Hasani J. (2011). The role of cognitive emotion regulation strategies in internalizing disorders of children. Jornal of clnical psychology,3(11), 29-39.

Mennin, D. S., Heimberg, R. G., Turk, C. L., & Fresco, D. M. (2005). Applying an emotion regulation framework to integrative approaches to generalized anxiety disorder. Clinical Psychology: Science and Practice, 9, 85–90.

Mccabe, R.E. (1999). Implicit and explicit memory for threat words in high-and low-anxiety-sensitive participants. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 23(1), 21-38.

Mohr WK. (2009). Anxiety Disorder, psychiatric mental health nursing: Evidence-based concepts, skills, and practices. 7th ed.Philadelphia: Lippincott, Williams and Wilkins; 418-44.

Moradi Manesh F,Mirjafari A, Goudarzi MA, Muhammad N. (2007). Evaluate the psychometric properties of the revised index of anxiety sensitivity (ASIR). Jornal psychol, 11(4), 426-420.

Orsillo, S. M., & Roemer, L. (2007). Acceptance-and mindfulness-based approaches to anxiety: Conceptualization and treatment. Springer Science & Business Media.

Reiss, S., Peterson, R. A., Gursky, D. M., & McNally, R. J. (1986). Anxiety sensitivity, anxiety frequency and the prediction of fearfulness. Behavior Research and Therapy. 4, 241–248.

Rodebaugh, T.L., & Heimberg, R.G. (2008). Chapter 9 Emotion Regulation and the Anxiety Disorders: Adopting a Self-Regulation Perspective. Springer.

Sung, S.C., Porter, E., Robinaugh, D.J., Marks, E.H., Marques, L.M., Otto, M.W., Pollack, M.H., Simon, N.M. (2012). Mood regulation and quality of life in social anxiety disorder: an examination of generalized expectancies for negative mood regulation. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 26, 435-441.

Tulbure, Bogan, Tudor. (2011). The efficacy of Internetsupported intervention for social anxiety disorder: A brief meta-analytic review. Journal of Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 552-557.

Tull, M.T., Stipelman, B.A., Salters-Pedneault, K., & Gratz, K.l. (2009). An examination of recent non-clinical panic attacks, panic disorder, anxiety sensitivity, and emotion regulation difficulties in the prediction of generalized anxiety disorder in an analogue sample. Journal of anxiety disorders, 23, 275- 282.

Turk C, Heimberg R, Luterek J, Mennin D, Fresco D. (2005). Emotion dysregulation in generalized anxiety disorder: A comparison with social anxiety disorder. Cognision Therapy Reaserch, 29:89–106.

Werner, K.H., Goldin, P.R., Ball, T.M., Heimberg, R.G., & Gross, J.J. (2011).Assessing Emotion Regulation in Social Anxiety Disorder: The Emotion Regulation Interview. Journal Psychopathol Behavior Assessment,;33:346-58.

Wheaton, M.G., Deacon, B., McGrath, P.B., Berman, N.C., Abramowitz J.S. (2012). Dimensions of anxiety sensitivity in the anxiety disorders: Evaluation of the ASI-3. Journal of Anxiety Disorders, 13 (79), 14- 8.

Zinbarg, R. E., Barlow, D. H., & Brown, T. A. (1997). Hierarchical structure and general factor saturation of the Anxiety Sensitivity Index: Evidence and implications. Psychological Assessment. 9, 277–284.

Zvolensky, M. J., & Forsyth, J. P. (2002). Anxiety sensitivity dimensions in the prediction of body vigilance and emotional avoidance. Cognitive Therapy and Research, 26(4), 449-460.

Zvolensky, M. J., Goodie, J. L., Ruggiero, K. J., Black, A. L., Larkin, K. T., & Taylor, B. K. (2002). Perceived stress and anxiety sensitivity in the prediction of anxiety-related responding: A multi challenge evaluation. Anxiety, Stress & Coping, 15(3), 211-229.