Broadband H-Plan SIW Power Divider with Adjustable Output Powers
Subject Areas : Telecommunication Field and Wave
1 - Microwave and antenna research center, Urmia Branch, Islamic Azad University, Urmia, Iran
Keywords: SIW, Adjustable Outputs, Power Divider, Broadband,
Abstract :
Design and realization of a broadband H-plane Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) power divider with equal and unequal output powers is presented. The configuration of the proposed structure is based on the three equal width SIW lines. In proposed SIW power divider septum has been realized with a row of metalized vias. The inclusive input bandwidth in the proposed structures is achieved due to the proper septum design. The output powers are controlled with the septum offset. The parametric analysis shows that the magnitude of outputs could be adjusted with septum offset and the width of SIW could control the cutoff frequency. Power flow from input port toward output port confirm the proposed design concept. Two SIW H-plane power dividers with the same and different outputs have been designed and produced. There are good agreements between simulation and measurement results for both structures. The input impedance bandwidth for equal and unequal prototypes is 3.4 GHz and 2 GHz respectively.
[1] D. Deslandes and K. Wu, “Integrated microstrip and rectangular waveguide in planar form,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 68–70, Feb. 2001, doi: 10.1109/7260.914305.
[2] D. Deslandes and K. Wu, “Accurate modeling, wave mechanisms, and design considerations of a substrate integrated waveguide,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 2516–2526, Jun. 2006, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2006.875807.
[3] Y. Cassivi, L. Perregrini, P. Arcioni, M. Bressan, K. Wu, and G. Conciauro, “Dispersion characteristics of substrate integrated rectangular waveguide,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 333–335, Sep. 2002, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2002.803188.
[4] S. A. Banihashem, P. Mohammadi, and Y. Zehforoosh, “Magnetic-electric dipole antenna with circular polarization feature and directional pattern with improved bandwidth,” Journal of Communication Engineering (JCE), vol. 12, no. 46, 2022, doi: 10.30495/jce.2022.1962047.1164.
[5] F. Heidari, Z. Adelpoure and N. Parhizgar, “Simulation of Leaky Wave Antenna with Cosecant Squared Pattern Using Genetic Algorithm,” Journal of Communication Engineering, Vol. 11 no. 42, pp. 69-76, 2021.
[6] P. Mohammadi and S. Demir, “Two layers substrate integrated waveguide power divider,” in URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, Istanbul, Turkey, 2011, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/URSIGASS.2011.6050563.
[7] A. A. Khan and M. K. Mandal, “Miniaturized Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Power Dividers,” in IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 888-890, Nov. 2016, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2016.2615005.
[8] P. Mohammadi and A. S. Demir, “Multi-layer substrate integrated wave-guide E-plane power divider,” Progress in Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 30, pp. 159-172, 2012, doi: 10.2528/PIERC12042905.
[9] A. Piroutiniya and P. Mohammadi, “The Substrate Integrated Waveguide T-junction Power Divider with Arbitrary Power Dividing Ratio,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol.31, no. 4, 2016.
[10] R. V. Gatti and R. Rossi, “Hermetic Broadband 3-dB Power Divider/Combiner in Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Technology,” in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 3048-3054, June 2018, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2018.2825347.
[11] P. Mohammadi and R. Gheibi, “A new design of substrate integrated waveguide diplexer using complementary split ring resonators,” International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer‐Aided Engineering , vol. 29, no. 8, pp. 1-5, 2019, doi: 10.1002/mmce.21772.
[12] M. K. Eslamloo and P. Mohammadi, “Compact size, equal-length and unequal-width substrate integrated waveguide phase shifter,” International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT), 2016, pp. 373-376, doi: 10.1109/ICACT.2016.7423398.
[13] A. A. Khan and M. K. Mandal, “Miniaturized Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Power Dividers,” in IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 888-890, Nov. 2016, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2016.2615005.
[14] K. Song, Y. Fan and Y. Zhang, “Eight-Way Substrate Integrated Waveguide Power Divider With Low Insertion Loss,” in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 1473-1477, June 2008, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2008.923897.
[15] M. Ali, K.K. Sharma and R.P. Yadav, “Empirical design formulae for series-fed substrate integrated waveguides power divider,” Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng, vol. 29, no. 7, 2019, doi: 10.1002/mmce.21859.
[16] J. Zheng, X. Zhou, W. Tang, Y. Liu, G. Zhang, H. Yang and J. Yang, “Design of balanced to balanced filtering power divider based on right triangle substrate integrated waveguide cavity,” Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng, vol. 99, pp. 1-10, 2021, doi: 10.1002/mmce.22766.
[17] M. Pasian et al., “Substrate-Integrated-Waveguide E-Plane 3-dB Power-Divider/Combiner Based on Resistive Layers,” in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 1498-1510, May 2017, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2642938.
[18] M. Danaeian, A.-R. Moznebi, K. Afrooz, and H. Hakimi, “Miniaturised equal/unequal SIW power divider with bandpass response loaded by CSRRs,” Lett., vol. 52, pp. 1864-1866, 2016, doi: 10.1049/el.2016.2203.
[19] R. Kazemi and A. E. Fathy, “Design of single-ridge SIW power dividers with over 75% bandwidth,” IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS2014), 2014, pp. 1-3, doi: 10.1109/MWSYM.2014.6848353.
[20] Y. -X. Yan, W. Yu and J. -X. Chen, “Millimeter-Wave Low Side- and Back-Lobe SIW Filtenna Array Fed by Novel Filtering Power Divider Using Hybrid TE101/TE301 Mode SIW Cavities,” in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 167706-167714, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3137297.
[21] H. Jin, G. Q. Luo, W. Wang, W. Che, and K.-S. Chin, ‘‘Integration design of millimeter-wave filtering patch antenna array with SIW four-way antiphase filtering power divider,’’ in IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 49804–49812, 2019, 1109/ACCESS.2019.2909771.
[22] K. Song, Y. Chen, T. Kong and Y. Fan, “Broadband Eight-Way Substrate Integrated Waveguide Radial Power Divider/Combiner With High-Isolation,” in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 69268-69272, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2986339.
_||_[1] D. Deslandes and K. Wu, “Integrated microstrip and rectangular waveguide in planar form,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 11, no. 2, pp. 68–70, Feb. 2001, doi: 10.1109/7260.914305.
[2] D. Deslandes and K. Wu, “Accurate modeling, wave mechanisms, and design considerations of a substrate integrated waveguide,” IEEE Trans. Microw. Theory Techn., vol. 54, no. 6, pp. 2516–2526, Jun. 2006, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2006.875807.
[3] Y. Cassivi, L. Perregrini, P. Arcioni, M. Bressan, K. Wu, and G. Conciauro, “Dispersion characteristics of substrate integrated rectangular waveguide,” IEEE Microw. Wireless Compon. Lett., vol. 12, no. 9, pp. 333–335, Sep. 2002, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2002.803188.
[4] S. A. Banihashem, P. Mohammadi, and Y. Zehforoosh, “Magnetic-electric dipole antenna with circular polarization feature and directional pattern with improved bandwidth,” Journal of Communication Engineering (JCE), vol. 12, no. 46, 2022, doi: 10.30495/jce.2022.1962047.1164.
[5] F. Heidari, Z. Adelpoure and N. Parhizgar, “Simulation of Leaky Wave Antenna with Cosecant Squared Pattern Using Genetic Algorithm,” Journal of Communication Engineering, Vol. 11 no. 42, pp. 69-76, 2021.
[6] P. Mohammadi and S. Demir, “Two layers substrate integrated waveguide power divider,” in URSI General Assembly and Scientific Symposium, Istanbul, Turkey, 2011, pp. 1-4, doi: 10.1109/URSIGASS.2011.6050563.
[7] A. A. Khan and M. K. Mandal, “Miniaturized Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Power Dividers,” in IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 888-890, Nov. 2016, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2016.2615005.
[8] P. Mohammadi and A. S. Demir, “Multi-layer substrate integrated wave-guide E-plane power divider,” Progress in Electromagnetics Research C, vol. 30, pp. 159-172, 2012, doi: 10.2528/PIERC12042905.
[9] A. Piroutiniya and P. Mohammadi, “The Substrate Integrated Waveguide T-junction Power Divider with Arbitrary Power Dividing Ratio,” Applied Computational Electromagnetics Society Journal, vol.31, no. 4, 2016.
[10] R. V. Gatti and R. Rossi, “Hermetic Broadband 3-dB Power Divider/Combiner in Substrate-Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Technology,” in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 66, no. 6, pp. 3048-3054, June 2018, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2018.2825347.
[11] P. Mohammadi and R. Gheibi, “A new design of substrate integrated waveguide diplexer using complementary split ring resonators,” International Journal of RF and Microwave Computer‐Aided Engineering , vol. 29, no. 8, pp. 1-5, 2019, doi: 10.1002/mmce.21772.
[12] M. K. Eslamloo and P. Mohammadi, “Compact size, equal-length and unequal-width substrate integrated waveguide phase shifter,” International Conference on Advanced Communication Technology (ICACT), 2016, pp. 373-376, doi: 10.1109/ICACT.2016.7423398.
[13] A. A. Khan and M. K. Mandal, “Miniaturized Substrate Integrated Waveguide (SIW) Power Dividers,” in IEEE Microwave and Wireless Components Letters, vol. 26, no. 11, pp. 888-890, Nov. 2016, doi: 10.1109/LMWC.2016.2615005.
[14] K. Song, Y. Fan and Y. Zhang, “Eight-Way Substrate Integrated Waveguide Power Divider With Low Insertion Loss,” in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 56, no. 6, pp. 1473-1477, June 2008, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2008.923897.
[15] M. Ali, K.K. Sharma and R.P. Yadav, “Empirical design formulae for series-fed substrate integrated waveguides power divider,” Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng, vol. 29, no. 7, 2019, doi: 10.1002/mmce.21859.
[16] J. Zheng, X. Zhou, W. Tang, Y. Liu, G. Zhang, H. Yang and J. Yang, “Design of balanced to balanced filtering power divider based on right triangle substrate integrated waveguide cavity,” Int J RF Microw Comput Aided Eng, vol. 99, pp. 1-10, 2021, doi: 10.1002/mmce.22766.
[17] M. Pasian et al., “Substrate-Integrated-Waveguide E-Plane 3-dB Power-Divider/Combiner Based on Resistive Layers,” in IEEE Transactions on Microwave Theory and Techniques, vol. 65, no. 5, pp. 1498-1510, May 2017, doi: 10.1109/TMTT.2016.2642938.
[18] M. Danaeian, A.-R. Moznebi, K. Afrooz, and H. Hakimi, “Miniaturised equal/unequal SIW power divider with bandpass response loaded by CSRRs,” Lett., vol. 52, pp. 1864-1866, 2016, doi: 10.1049/el.2016.2203.
[19] R. Kazemi and A. E. Fathy, “Design of single-ridge SIW power dividers with over 75% bandwidth,” IEEE MTT-S International Microwave Symposium (IMS2014), 2014, pp. 1-3, doi: 10.1109/MWSYM.2014.6848353.
[20] Y. -X. Yan, W. Yu and J. -X. Chen, “Millimeter-Wave Low Side- and Back-Lobe SIW Filtenna Array Fed by Novel Filtering Power Divider Using Hybrid TE101/TE301 Mode SIW Cavities,” in IEEE Access, vol. 9, pp. 167706-167714, 2021, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2021.3137297.
[21] H. Jin, G. Q. Luo, W. Wang, W. Che, and K.-S. Chin, ‘‘Integration design of millimeter-wave filtering patch antenna array with SIW four-way antiphase filtering power divider,’’ in IEEE Access, vol. 7, pp. 49804–49812, 2019, 1109/ACCESS.2019.2909771.
[22] K. Song, Y. Chen, T. Kong and Y. Fan, “Broadband Eight-Way Substrate Integrated Waveguide Radial Power Divider/Combiner With High-Isolation,” in IEEE Access, vol. 8, pp. 69268-69272, 2020, doi: 10.1109/ACCESS.2020.2986339.
