A review of the novel Havardzand. E. M. Forster from a moral perspective Martha C. Nazbam

Subject Areas : Persian language and literature texts

Sima Farshid ¹ , Tali Shoouri ²

1 - Assistant Professor, Islamic Azad University of Karaj Branch
2 - - Graduated of Islamic Azad University of Karaj Branch

Received: 2019-05-04 Accepted : 2019-05-04 Published : 2012-05-21

Keywords: d, زندگی متعالی, خرد کاربردی, شناخت عشق, اخلاق فراسوی داوری, عشق رمانتیک,

Abstract :

E. M. Forster, a significant modern novelist, seems to be preoccupied with profound emotions which constitute human relations. Suchinteractions lead one to approach Eudaimonia, a life in which virtue isintertwined with pleasure. Forster’s novels also depict a kind of lovethat embraces both romantic and erotic love which might at first glanceseem irrelevant to morality; whereas, they are confirmed to contribute todevelop moral thinking. Among moral philosophers and literary criticsof the twentieth and twenty first centuries, Martha C. Nussbaum is aneminent figure who is mostly interested in human relations and theirimpact on moral development, and she analyzes such notions in literaryworks. Personal choices and relations become the path for moving towardself- knowledge and altruism and a better realization of one’s potentials inher eyes. Regarding E. M. Forster’s enthusiasm for morality and humaninteractions, scrutinizing courses of action in his novels by making use ofNussbaum’s opinions appears to be fruitful since they both opt for humanrelationships to cultivate morality. The protagonists of Howards End attaina practical wisdom through their love and intimate relationships withpeople around them by valuing personal everything rather than universaleverything. Reaching the point that one can love nonjudgmentaly provesto be some characters’ ultimate aspiration for moral growth; furthermore,love’s knowledge in this novel is obtained through mutual communication and exposing oneself to possibilities of life.