An Ontological Approach to Jacques Derrida’s Reading of Rum Surah: Benefited from Ayatollah Javdi Amuli’s Persian Exegesis
Subject Areas : Persian language and literature texts
Maryam Sultanbeyad
1
,
Rouhieh Naziripour
2
,
Muhammad Hassan Borhanifiar
3
1 - Associate Professor, Department of English, University of Tehran, Tehran, Iran.
2 - PhD Student, Department of English, Pardis University, Tehran, Iran .
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Philosophy, Karaj Branch, Islamic Azad University, Karaj, Iran
Keywords: prophet, Javadi Amuli, Derrida, The Qur’an, Deconstruction, ontological reading,
Abstract :
To present a democratic reading of The Qur’an, Derrida introduces it as a book of hospitality and unconditional forgiveness. However, he considers The Prophet (PBUH) an exemption from this rule of hospitality. His reading of The Qur’an has not yet been examined by the scholars. The aim of this study is to investigate the reason for Derrida’s reading of The Qur'an and its separation from The Prophet (PBUH). In this descriptive-analytical- comparative method, the concepts considered by Derrida in the text of The Qur'an are examined and the epistemological status of The Prophet is analyzed on the base of the text itself. In this regard, "ontological" reading of the text of The Qur'an is used, which considers the text independent of the reader and writer. This reading is comparable to Derrida’s “deconstructive” reading since deconstruction emerged from ontological approach. This approach is similar to Allameh Tabatabai’s “Quran to Qur’an” approach which is suitable for Qur’anic studies. To avoid reducing the text of The holy Qur’an to a literary text the findings of the study in compared with the learned exegesis of Ayatollah Javadi Amuli. The findings of this study demonstrates that Derrida has ignored evidences in the text contradicting his reading, and as a result he has found the actions of The Prophet (PBUH) contrary to The Qur’an.
کتاب‌ها
قرآن کریم (1386) ترجمه و شرح واژگان از ابوالفضل بهرام پور، هجرت: قم.
جوادی آملی، عبدالله (1386) تسنیم: تفسیر قرآن کریم، جلد 1، قم: اسراء.
جوادی آملی، عبدالله (1379 ) تفسیر موضوعی قرآن کریم: صورت و سیرت انسان در قرآن، قم: اسراء.
جوادی آملی، عبدالله (1382) تفسیر موضوعی قرآن کریم: معاد در قرآن، قم: اسراء.
سبحانی، جعفر (1390) فروغ ابدیت تجزیه و تحلیل کاملی از زندگی پیامبر اکرم، قم: بوستان کتاب.
شیمل، آنه ماری (1385) محمد رسول خدا، ترجمۀ حسن لاهوتی، تهران: انتشارات علمی و فرهنگی.
ریگی، محمد بندر (1361) فرهنگ جدید عربی_فارسی ترجمه مُنجد الطُلّاب، تهران: انتشارات اسلامی.
حجتی، محمد باقر (1387) پژوهشی در تاریخ قرآن کریم، تهران: دفتر نشر فرهنگ اسلامی.
رادمنش، سید محمد (1370) آشنایی با علوم قرآن، بی‌جا: دیبا.
صالح، صبحی (1393) مباحثی در علوم قرآن، ترجمۀ محمد علی لسانی فشارکی، تهران: نشر احسان.
طباطبائی، سید محمد حسین (1389) تفسیر المیزان، جلد 1، ترجمۀ موسوی همدانی، قم: انتشارات اسلامی.
وب سایت‌ها
قرآن کریم http://tanzil.net.
تقسیمات قرآن – دانشنامۀ اسلامی .ahlolbait.com
جوادی آملی، عبدالله (تفسیر سوره روم(http://www.portal.esra.ir).
جوادی آملی، عبدالله (07/12/1395 http://eshia.ir/feqh/).
جوادی آملی، عبدالله (http://javadi.esra.ir/master).
جوادی آملی، عبدالله (عبدالله جوادی آملی – دانشنامۀ اسلامی) .(ahlolbait.com )
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Abrams, M. H. (1997). The Deconstructive Angel In Critical Inquiry. The Chicago University Press, 3(3), 425-438.
Allen, Barry. (1993). Truth in Philosophy. London: Harvard University Press.
Anidjar, Gil. (2002). A Note On Hostipitality. Acts of Religion. New York: Rutledge.
Bellour, Leila. (2020). Jacques Derrida Islam and the West. Retrieved from https://www.academia.edu.
Borradori, Giovanna. & Derrida, J. & and Habermas, J. (2009). Philosophy in a Time of Terror: Dialogues with Jürgen Habermas and Jacques Derrida. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Bressler, Charles. (2007). Literary Criticism: An Introduction to Theory and Practice. New Jersey: Pearson.
Cherif, Muṣṭafá Al. & Derrida, Jacques. (2008). Islam and the West: A Conversation with Jacques Derrida. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Chomsky, Avram Noam. (2007). Retrieved from http://cscs.Umich.edu /~crshalizi/chomsky-on-postmodernism.html (university of Michigan).
Collini, Stefan. (1992). Interpretation Terminable and Interminable. In Interpretation and Over interpretation. (S. Collini, Ed.). Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Derrida, Jacques. (1972). The Ends of Man. In Margins of Philosophy. Chicago: Chicago University Press.
Derrida, Jacques. (1973). Speech and Phenomena. Evanston: North Western University Press.
Derrida, Jacques. (1976). Of Grammatology. Baltimore: Johns Hopkins University Press.
Derrida, Jacques. (1978). Writing and Difference. London: Rutledge.
Derrida, Jacques. (1981). Dissemination. Trans. Jonson, Barbara. London: Athlon Press.
Derrida, Jacques. (1984). An Apocalyptic Tone Recently Adopted in Philosophy. Oxford Literary Review Edinburgh University Press, 6(2), No page.
Derrida, Jacques. (1991). Interpretations at War: Kant, the Jew, the German. New York: Rutledge.
Derrida, Jacques. (1993). Aporias. California: Stanford University Press.
Derrida, Jacques. (1995). Taking a Stand for Algeria. New York: Rutledge.
Derrida, Jacques. (1996). differance. In The Continental Philosophy Reader, London: Rutledge.
Derrida, Jacques. (1997). Hostipitality, Rutledge, New York.
Derrida, Jacques. (2002). Acts of Religion. New York: Rutledge.
Derrida, Jacques. (2002). Faith and Knowledge. New York: Rutledge.
Derrida, Jacques. (2005). Rogues: Two Essays on Reason. Stanford: Stanford University Press.
Derrida, Jacques. (2008). The Animal That Therefore I Am. New York: Fordham University Press.
Eagleton, Terry. (1996). The Illusions of Postmodernism. Oxford: Blackwell.
Empson, William. (1949). Seven Types of Ambiguity. London: Chatto and Windus.
Guerin, W. & Labor, E. (2011). A Handbook of Critical Approaches to Literature. Oxford: Oxford University Press.
Habermas, Jürgen. (1987). The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity: Twelve Lectures. Trans. Lawrence, Fredrick. Cambridge: Polity press.
Habib, M.A.R. (2008). A History of Literary Criticism and Theory: From Plato to the Present. Victoria: Blackwell.
Lawlor, Leonard.(2019). Jacques Derrida (Stanford Encyclopedia of Philosophy) https://plato.stanford.edu/entries/derrida/
Leitch, Vincent. (2010). Gorgias of Leontini. In The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism, New York: Norton.
Leitch, Vincent. (2010). John Crew Ransom. In The Norton Anthology of Theory and Criticism, New York: Norton.
McCarthy, Thomas. (1987). Introduction In The Philosophical Discourse of Modernity: Twelve Lectures. Trans. Lawrence, Fredrick. Cambridge: Polity press.
Peeters, Benoît. (2012). Derrida: A Biography Hardcover. Cambridge: Publisher Polity.
Peters, Ted. (2018). Playing God with Frankenstein. In Technology and Science, 16(2), 145–150.doi:10.1080/14746700.2018.1455264 .
Rivkin, J. & Ryan, Michael. (2004). Introduction: Formalism. In Literary Theory: An Anthology. Victoria: Blackwell.
Salmon, Peter. (2020). An Event, Perhaps: A Biography of Jacques Derrida. London: Verso Books.
Saussure, Ferdinand, (1959). Course in General Linguistics. Peter Owen, London.
Searle, John R. (1984). An Exchange on Deconstruction: Louis H. Mackey, reply by John R. Searle. In New York Review of Books.
Searle, John R.(2000). Reality Principles: An Interview with John R. Searle by Steven Postrel and Edward Feser from February 2000 issue. Retrieved from https://reason.com/
