Analysis on Modeling and Simulation Methods of Fire Spread in the Forests

Subject Areas : Water and Environment

Saeedeh Eskandari ¹

1 - Ph.D in Forest Science, Department of Forestry, Agricultural Science and Natural Resources University, Sari, Iran

Received: 2014-10-03 Accepted : 2014-12-21 Published : 2015-09-23

Keywords: Fire spread, Theoretical models, Physical models, Experimental models, Semi -Experimental&#x0D, &#x0D, Models,

Abstract :

Nowadays, the phenomenon of forest fires as a natural disaster threatens a large part of the world'sforests. Due to the devastating effects of fire on forest, Research conducted by using new methods topredict the spread of fire, is very valuable.This study has been done to investigate the differentmethods of fire spread modeling and fire simulation in the forests of the world and Iran. Computerprograms are based on mathematical models in order to simulate fire behavior. These models aredivided to four categories of theoretical models, physical systems, experimental models and semiexperimentalmodels. Theoretical models have the ability for universalization to the differentecosystems, but their validation is difficult. Physical model (surface, crown, ground, spot) have beendeveloped regarding to the type of forest fires, but these models often don’t have the enough accurateand their validation is difficult. The experimental models are very practical due to the ease of use, butthey are applicable just for ecosystems which they have the similar conditions with that used informulation and test of model. The semi-experimental models are taken into consideration because ofeasier validation, simplicity and compatibility with the raster data, but lack of ability for crown andspot fires, difficult programming and necessity of availability of the required data for all effectiveparameters are deficiencies of these models. The theoretical models, physical models of surface fire,semi-experimental models of Rothermel, FARSITE and cellular automata can be the best models forfire spread of Iranian forests regarding to conditions of these forests

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