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Manuscript ID : JEST-1707-3781 (R2) Visit : 149 Page: 93 - 105

10.22034/jest.2020.29264.3781

Article Type: Original Research

Simulating Water Quality of ARDAK River (Khorasan Razavi) using QUAL2KW

Subject Areas : Water and Environment

Morteza Nikakhtar 1 , Seyedeh Hoda Rahmati 2 , Ali reza Massah Bovani 3

1 - - MSc Student, Department of Environmental Engineering- Water Resources. Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
2 - Assistant Professor, Department of Environmental Engineering- Water Resources. Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran. *(Corresponding Authours).
3 - Associate Professor in Abooreyhan Compound of Tehran University, Department of Water Engineering, Tehran, Iran.

Received: 2017-07-31 Accepted : 2017-09-20 Published : 2020-01-21

Keywords: Modeling, Qual2kw, Ardak River, Water quality,

Abstract :

                      Background and Objective: Considering the importance of ARDAK River and dam in supplying drinking water of MASHHAD city as one of the biggest and most densely populated religious city of the world, preserving and maintaining water quality of this river is an essential task for providing water. This case study provides a model for water quality of ARDAK River by using appropriate and relevant tools which could calculate the values of water quality parameters along the entire length of main branches and it can be a beneficial approach for monitoring water responses to various contaminants and also for future decision making. Method: In this research QUAL2KW dynamic model has calibrated with available previous data (July 2014) and verified by results of field sampling which has been conducted in April 2016 for different aspects of water quality. Findings: Obtained results showed that this model made a good agreement with observed data such as DO, PH, COD and NO3 and it was able to simulate water quality for both river branches. Discussions and Conclusions: Abghad branch condition gets better due to less local population and contaminants, moreover agricultural, gardening and rural wastewater has affected both main branches of the river.

References:


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  10. Nuzhat P, Singh S. Development of Enhanced DO model for Gomti River at Lucknow Stretch, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 2016.
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  12. Masamba WRL, Mazvimavi D. Impact on water quality of landuses along Thamalakane-Boteti River, An outlet of the Okavango Delta. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth. 2008.
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    2.
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    7.
  7. Sanders TG, Ward RC, Loftis JC, Steele TD, Adrian DD, Yevjevich V. Design of Networks for Monitoring Water Quality: Water Resources research; 1987.
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  8. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW user manual (version 5.1) A modeling framework for simulating river and stream water quality. Washington; 2008.
    9.
  9. Prakash R, Kannel S, Lee Y, Lee S, Kanel SR, Pelletier GJ. Application of automated QUAL2Kw for water quality modeling and management in the Bagmati River, Nepal. Ecological modelling. 2007.
    10.
  10. Nuzhat P, Singh S. Development of Enhanced DO model for Gomti River at Lucknow Stretch, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 2016.
    11.
  11. Kalburgi PB, Shareefa RN, Deshannavar UB. Development and Evaluation of BOD–DO Model for River Ghataprabha near Mudhol (India), using QUAL2K. Modern Education and computer Science. 2015.
    12.
  12. Masamba WRL, Mazvimavi D. Impact on water quality of landuses along Thamalakane-Boteti River, An outlet of the Okavango Delta. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth. 2008.
    13.
  13. Fereidoon M, Khorasani G. Water quality simulation in qarresu river and the role of wastewater treatment plants in reducing the contaminants concentrations. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). 2013; 3(5).
    14.
  14. Ribeiro CHA, Araujo M. Mathematical Modeling as a Management Tool for Water Quality Control of The Tropical Beberibe Estuary. Ne Brazil, Hydrobiologia. 2002.
    15.
  15. Turner D, Pelietier G, Kasper B. Disolved Oxygen and PH Modeling of a Periphyton Dominated, Nutrient Enriched River. Jurnal of Environmental Engineering. August 2009.
    16.
  16. Zhang R, Qian X, Yuan X, Ye R, Xia B, Wang Y. Simulation of water environmental capacity and pollution load reduction using QUAL2K for water environmental management. international journal of environmental research and public health. 2012.
    17.
  17. Zipper C, Holtzman E, Golde I, Patrick D, Gildea F, Stewart JJ, et al. Virginia USA Water Quality, 1978 to 1995. Regional Interpretation. 2002.
    18.

 

 

  1. Giraldo-B LC, Palacio CA, Molina R, Agudelo RA. Water quality modeling of the Medellin river in the Aburrá Valley. UNIVERSIDAD NATIONAL DE CLOMBIA, DYNA. 2015.
    2.
  2. Mirbagheri Sa, Mahmoodi S, Khezri Sm. Modeling of nitrate and phosphorus in chaloos river using QUAL2K. Jurnal of civil and environment. 2011. (In Persian)
    3.
  3. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW theory and documentation (version 5.1). Environmental Assessment Program Olympia. Washington Publication. 2008.
    4.
  4. Pelletier G, Chapra S, Tao H. QUAL2KW A framework for modeling water quality in streams and rivers using a genetic algorithm for calibration. Researchgate http://www.researchgate.net/publication/222978409. 2006.
    5.
  5. Shokri s, Hooshmand A, Moazed H. Simulation of ammonium and nitrate in gargar river using QUAL2KW. scientific research journal of wetland's ecobiology. 2015. (In Persian)
    6.
  6. Bagherian Marzouni M, Akhoundalib M, Moazed H, Jaafarzadeh N, Ahadian J, Hasoonizadeh H. Evaluation of karun river water quality scenarios using simulation model results. journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 2014; 2(2): p. 339-358.
    7.
  7. Sanders TG, Ward RC, Loftis JC, Steele TD, Adrian DD, Yevjevich V. Design of Networks for Monitoring Water Quality: Water Resources research; 1987.
    8.
  8. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW user manual (version 5.1) A modeling framework for simulating river and stream water quality. Washington; 2008.
    9.
  9. Prakash R, Kannel S, Lee Y, Lee S, Kanel SR, Pelletier GJ. Application of automated QUAL2Kw for water quality modeling and management in the Bagmati River, Nepal. Ecological modelling. 2007.
    10.
  10. Nuzhat P, Singh S. Development of Enhanced DO model for Gomti River at Lucknow Stretch, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 2016.
    11.
  11. Kalburgi PB, Shareefa RN, Deshannavar UB. Development and Evaluation of BOD–DO Model for River Ghataprabha near Mudhol (India), using QUAL2K. Modern Education and computer Science. 2015.
    12.
  12. Masamba WRL, Mazvimavi D. Impact on water quality of landuses along Thamalakane-Boteti River, An outlet of the Okavango Delta. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth. 2008.
    13.
  13. Fereidoon M, Khorasani G. Water quality simulation in qarresu river and the role of wastewater treatment plants in reducing the contaminants concentrations. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). 2013; 3(5).
    14.
  14. Ribeiro CHA, Araujo M. Mathematical Modeling as a Management Tool for Water Quality Control of The Tropical Beberibe Estuary. Ne Brazil, Hydrobiologia. 2002.
    15.
  15. Turner D, Pelietier G, Kasper B. Disolved Oxygen and PH Modeling of a Periphyton Dominated, Nutrient Enriched River. Jurnal of Environmental Engineering. August 2009.
    16.
  16. Zhang R, Qian X, Yuan X, Ye R, Xia B, Wang Y. Simulation of water environmental capacity and pollution load reduction using QUAL2K for water environmental management. international journal of environmental research and public health. 2012.
    17.
  17. Zipper C, Holtzman E, Golde I, Patrick D, Gildea F, Stewart JJ, et al. Virginia USA Water Quality, 1978 to 1995. Regional Interpretation. 2002.
    18.

 

 

  1. Giraldo-B LC, Palacio CA, Molina R, Agudelo RA. Water quality modeling of the Medellin river in the Aburrá Valley. UNIVERSIDAD NATIONAL DE CLOMBIA, DYNA. 2015.
    2.
  2. Mirbagheri Sa, Mahmoodi S, Khezri Sm. Modeling of nitrate and phosphorus in chaloos river using QUAL2K. Jurnal of civil and environment. 2011. (In Persian)
    3.
  3. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW theory and documentation (version 5.1). Environmental Assessment Program Olympia. Washington Publication. 2008.
    4.
  4. Pelletier G, Chapra S, Tao H. QUAL2KW A framework for modeling water quality in streams and rivers using a genetic algorithm for calibration. Researchgate http://www.researchgate.net/publication/222978409. 2006.
    5.
  5. Shokri s, Hooshmand A, Moazed H. Simulation of ammonium and nitrate in gargar river using QUAL2KW. scientific research journal of wetland's ecobiology. 2015. (In Persian)
    6.
  6. Bagherian Marzouni M, Akhoundalib M, Moazed H, Jaafarzadeh N, Ahadian J, Hasoonizadeh H. Evaluation of karun river water quality scenarios using simulation model results. journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 2014; 2(2): p. 339-358.
    7.
  7. Sanders TG, Ward RC, Loftis JC, Steele TD, Adrian DD, Yevjevich V. Design of Networks for Monitoring Water Quality: Water Resources research; 1987.
    8.
  8. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW user manual (version 5.1) A modeling framework for simulating river and stream water quality. Washington; 2008.
    9.
  9. Prakash R, Kannel S, Lee Y, Lee S, Kanel SR, Pelletier GJ. Application of automated QUAL2Kw for water quality modeling and management in the Bagmati River, Nepal. Ecological modelling. 2007.
    10.
  10. Nuzhat P, Singh S. Development of Enhanced DO model for Gomti River at Lucknow Stretch, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 2016.
    11.
  11. Kalburgi PB, Shareefa RN, Deshannavar UB. Development and Evaluation of BOD–DO Model for River Ghataprabha near Mudhol (India), using QUAL2K. Modern Education and computer Science. 2015.
    12.
  12. Masamba WRL, Mazvimavi D. Impact on water quality of landuses along Thamalakane-Boteti River, An outlet of the Okavango Delta. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth. 2008.
    13.
  13. Fereidoon M, Khorasani G. Water quality simulation in qarresu river and the role of wastewater treatment plants in reducing the contaminants concentrations. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). 2013; 3(5).
    14.
  14. Ribeiro CHA, Araujo M. Mathematical Modeling as a Management Tool for Water Quality Control of The Tropical Beberibe Estuary. Ne Brazil, Hydrobiologia. 2002.
    15.
  15. Turner D, Pelietier G, Kasper B. Disolved Oxygen and PH Modeling of a Periphyton Dominated, Nutrient Enriched River. Jurnal of Environmental Engineering. August 2009.
    16.
  16. Zhang R, Qian X, Yuan X, Ye R, Xia B, Wang Y. Simulation of water environmental capacity and pollution load reduction using QUAL2K for water environmental management. international journal of environmental research and public health. 2012.
    17.
  17. Zipper C, Holtzman E, Golde I, Patrick D, Gildea F, Stewart JJ, et al. Virginia USA Water Quality, 1978 to 1995. Regional Interpretation. 2002.
    18.

 

 

  1. Giraldo-B LC, Palacio CA, Molina R, Agudelo RA. Water quality modeling of the Medellin river in the Aburrá Valley. UNIVERSIDAD NATIONAL DE CLOMBIA, DYNA. 2015.
    2.
  2. Mirbagheri Sa, Mahmoodi S, Khezri Sm. Modeling of nitrate and phosphorus in chaloos river using QUAL2K. Jurnal of civil and environment. 2011. (In Persian)
    3.
  3. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW theory and documentation (version 5.1). Environmental Assessment Program Olympia. Washington Publication. 2008.
    4.
  4. Pelletier G, Chapra S, Tao H. QUAL2KW A framework for modeling water quality in streams and rivers using a genetic algorithm for calibration. Researchgate http://www.researchgate.net/publication/222978409. 2006.
    5.
  5. Shokri s, Hooshmand A, Moazed H. Simulation of ammonium and nitrate in gargar river using QUAL2KW. scientific research journal of wetland's ecobiology. 2015. (In Persian)
    6.
  6. Bagherian Marzouni M, Akhoundalib M, Moazed H, Jaafarzadeh N, Ahadian J, Hasoonizadeh H. Evaluation of karun river water quality scenarios using simulation model results. journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 2014; 2(2): p. 339-358.
    7.
  7. Sanders TG, Ward RC, Loftis JC, Steele TD, Adrian DD, Yevjevich V. Design of Networks for Monitoring Water Quality: Water Resources research; 1987.
    8.
  8. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW user manual (version 5.1) A modeling framework for simulating river and stream water quality. Washington; 2008.
    9.
  9. Prakash R, Kannel S, Lee Y, Lee S, Kanel SR, Pelletier GJ. Application of automated QUAL2Kw for water quality modeling and management in the Bagmati River, Nepal. Ecological modelling. 2007.
    10.
  10. Nuzhat P, Singh S. Development of Enhanced DO model for Gomti River at Lucknow Stretch, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 2016.
    11.
  11. Kalburgi PB, Shareefa RN, Deshannavar UB. Development and Evaluation of BOD–DO Model for River Ghataprabha near Mudhol (India), using QUAL2K. Modern Education and computer Science. 2015.
    12.
  12. Masamba WRL, Mazvimavi D. Impact on water quality of landuses along Thamalakane-Boteti River, An outlet of the Okavango Delta. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth. 2008.
    13.
  13. Fereidoon M, Khorasani G. Water quality simulation in qarresu river and the role of wastewater treatment plants in reducing the contaminants concentrations. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). 2013; 3(5).
    14.
  14. Ribeiro CHA, Araujo M. Mathematical Modeling as a Management Tool for Water Quality Control of The Tropical Beberibe Estuary. Ne Brazil, Hydrobiologia. 2002.
    15.
  15. Turner D, Pelietier G, Kasper B. Disolved Oxygen and PH Modeling of a Periphyton Dominated, Nutrient Enriched River. Jurnal of Environmental Engineering. August 2009.
    16.
  16. Zhang R, Qian X, Yuan X, Ye R, Xia B, Wang Y. Simulation of water environmental capacity and pollution load reduction using QUAL2K for water environmental management. international journal of environmental research and public health. 2012.
    17.
  17. Zipper C, Holtzman E, Golde I, Patrick D, Gildea F, Stewart JJ, et al. Virginia USA Water Quality, 1978 to 1995. Regional Interpretation. 2002.
    18.

 

 

_||_

  1. Giraldo-B LC, Palacio CA, Molina R, Agudelo RA. Water quality modeling of the Medellin river in the Aburrá Valley. UNIVERSIDAD NATIONAL DE CLOMBIA, DYNA. 2015.
    2.
  2. Mirbagheri Sa, Mahmoodi S, Khezri Sm. Modeling of nitrate and phosphorus in chaloos river using QUAL2K. Jurnal of civil and environment. 2011. (In Persian)
    3.
  3. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW theory and documentation (version 5.1). Environmental Assessment Program Olympia. Washington Publication. 2008.
    4.
  4. Pelletier G, Chapra S, Tao H. QUAL2KW A framework for modeling water quality in streams and rivers using a genetic algorithm for calibration. Researchgate http://www.researchgate.net/publication/222978409. 2006.
    5.
  5. Shokri s, Hooshmand A, Moazed H. Simulation of ammonium and nitrate in gargar river using QUAL2KW. scientific research journal of wetland's ecobiology. 2015. (In Persian)
    6.
  6. Bagherian Marzouni M, Akhoundalib M, Moazed H, Jaafarzadeh N, Ahadian J, Hasoonizadeh H. Evaluation of karun river water quality scenarios using simulation model results. journal of Advanced Biological and Biomedical Research. 2014; 2(2): p. 339-358.
    7.
  7. Sanders TG, Ward RC, Loftis JC, Steele TD, Adrian DD, Yevjevich V. Design of Networks for Monitoring Water Quality: Water Resources research; 1987.
    8.
  8. Pelletier G, Chapra S. QUAL2KW user manual (version 5.1) A modeling framework for simulating river and stream water quality. Washington; 2008.
    9.
  9. Prakash R, Kannel S, Lee Y, Lee S, Kanel SR, Pelletier GJ. Application of automated QUAL2Kw for water quality modeling and management in the Bagmati River, Nepal. Ecological modelling. 2007.
    10.
  10. Nuzhat P, Singh S. Development of Enhanced DO model for Gomti River at Lucknow Stretch, India. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL SCIENCES. 2016.
    11.
  11. Kalburgi PB, Shareefa RN, Deshannavar UB. Development and Evaluation of BOD–DO Model for River Ghataprabha near Mudhol (India), using QUAL2K. Modern Education and computer Science. 2015.
    12.
  12. Masamba WRL, Mazvimavi D. Impact on water quality of landuses along Thamalakane-Boteti River, An outlet of the Okavango Delta. Physics and Chemistry of the Earth. 2008.
    13.
  13. Fereidoon M, Khorasani G. Water quality simulation in qarresu river and the role of wastewater treatment plants in reducing the contaminants concentrations. International Journal of Innovative Technology and Exploring Engineering (IJITEE). 2013; 3(5).
    14.
  14. Ribeiro CHA, Araujo M. Mathematical Modeling as a Management Tool for Water Quality Control of The Tropical Beberibe Estuary. Ne Brazil, Hydrobiologia. 2002.
    15.
  15. Turner D, Pelietier G, Kasper B. Disolved Oxygen and PH Modeling of a Periphyton Dominated, Nutrient Enriched River. Jurnal of Environmental Engineering. August 2009.
    16.
  16. Zhang R, Qian X, Yuan X, Ye R, Xia B, Wang Y. Simulation of water environmental capacity and pollution load reduction using QUAL2K for water environmental management. international journal of environmental research and public health. 2012.
    17.
  17. Zipper C, Holtzman E, Golde I, Patrick D, Gildea F, Stewart JJ, et al. Virginia USA Water Quality, 1978 to 1995. Regional Interpretation. 2002.
    18.

 

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