Determining the standards for green spaces planning and site selection in urban areas to achieve ecological efficiency (Case study: Tabriz city)

Subject Areas : Architecture and urbanism

reza jahanbin ¹ , pakhshan khezr nezhad ²

1 - Ph. D Student of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz University *(Corresponding Author)
2 - Ph. D Student of Geography and Urban Planning, Tabriz University

Received: 2014-06-01 Accepted : 2015-12-15 Published : 2019-07-23

Keywords: Cities, Tabriz city, Ecological efficiency, Standards, Green space planning,

Abstract :

Background and Objective: Prior to any planning for the development of urban green spaces, standards for green space development should be identified. From the very important principles of urban planning knowledge, it is necessary to address users in terms of standards and per capita and locate them. Air, sound and visual pollution is caused by urbanization that nowaday human societies are facing. Therefore, considering the green space use as an air styler and space organizer, is necessary to achieve the ecological efficiency of cities. The purpose of this study is to identify the criteria location and green spaces planning, that it is the achievement of providing solutions for operating the general principles of green space development, so that it can be generalized to similar cases. Method: The present study is a fundamental-applied research method and a descriptive-analytical study. To collect the data, Libraries and documents Sources was utilized. Data analysis was mainly based on qualitative analysis method and also using ARC / GIS software. Findings: Findings of this study show that none of the per capita in Tabriz city are in accordance with the standards of urban planning and environmental point of view. From the urban planning point of view, in the plan comprehensive, per capita of about 15 m2 is proposed for each person, this per capita in the current situation for Tabriz is equal to 1/69 m2. From the environmental point of view, in the plan comprehensive, is between 15-50 m2 per person while per capita city in the current situation is equal to 11.69 m2. Discussion and Conclusion: The results of the study show that in the city of Tabriz, the criteria and development principles green spaces planning and their location criteria, including per capita in neighborhoods, environmental and ecological criteria, and spatial metrics such as centrality, hierarchy, and access has not been regarded. Therefore, the status of the green spaces use in the present situation of Tabriz city do not match with the proposals of the comprehensive and details plan, and with national and international standards. Moreover, the lack of optimal distribution in the city is quite evident. Therefore, the calculation of the appropriate level of green space and its balanced distribution in the city is the key issue, so that the process of achieving the ecological efficiency of the city is possible.  

References:

Reference

1. Moawad, S, Tabibian, M. 2018. Analysis of Attitudes and Use of Urban Ecology Science in Urban Planning with Concentration on National to Local Plans, Journal of Environmental Science and Technology, Vol. 20, No. 2, pp. 170 -189(In Persian).


2. Ministry of the Interior. 2008. Urban and Rural Management Department, Abbas Saeedi, Publications of the Organization of Municipalities and Villages of the Country. Tehran (In Persian).


3. Esmaili, A. 2002. Investigating and analyzing the use of green spaces (urban parks) from the urban planning perspective", MA in urban planning, Faculty of Arts. Tarbiat Modarres University (In Persian).


4. Sukenchi, K, Behroozfar, S. 2001. Guide to Green Space Comprehensive plan, Technical Office of the Ministry of Interior.Tehran (In Persian).


5. Mason, R. J. 2011. Ecoregional Planning Retreat or Reinvention? Journal of Planning Literature, Vol. 26(4), pp. 405-419.


6. Daniels, T. L. 2009. A trail across time: American environmental planning from city beautiful to sustainability. Journal of the American Planning Association, Vol. 75(2), pp. 178-192.


7. Beatley T. 2000. Green urbanism. Island, Washington, DC


8. Gosling, D. Barry M. 1984.Concepts of urban design, Martins press.


9. Saidnia, A. 2004. Urban green space, green municipality book: Publications Center for Urban Studies and Planning, Ministry of Interior, Vol.9, Chapter One. Tehran (In Persian).


10. Khansefid, M. 2011.Urban Green Space Planning Principles, First Edition, Organization of Municipalities and Government Departments, Tehran (In Persian).


11. Oh, K. Jeong, S. 2007. Assessing The Spatial Distribution of Urban Parks Using GIS, Landscape and Urban Planning, Vol.82.pp 25-32.


12. Piremore, J. 1994. Urban spaces - management design and implementation, translation by Rezaie, Hossein et al., General Directorate of Public Relations and the International Municipality., Tehran (In Persian).


13. The Ministry of the Interior. 1990.Attitudes to the Pattern of Urban Planning in Iran. Center for Urban Studies and Planning.Tehran(In Persian).


14. Chehzad, R. 1992. Survey of Green Space Use in Tabriz city, Bachelor thesis of Urban Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tabriz University. Tabriz (In Persian).


15. Heidari Chineh, R. 1999.The Status and Importance of Green Space Use in Urban Planning, MA in Geography and Urban Planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tabriz University. Tabriz (In Persian).


16. Habibi, S. M, Masayeli, S.1999 Urban Uses Per Capita, Land and Housing Studies Office, National Land and Housing Organization, Ministry of Housing and Urban Development. Tehran (In Persian).


17. HosseinZadehDelir, K. 1998.Nature Park Design and Green Belt of Tabriz, General Directorate of Environmental Protection of East Azerbaijan Province (In Persian)


18. Pourmohammadi, M.R. 1995.Need for land for development, Journal of the Faculty of Humanities and Social Sciences of Tabriz University (In Persian).


19. Tabatabaee Nejad, M. 1998.The role of urban parks in sustainable development of cities, Tehran city, MA in geography and urban planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tabriz University (In Persian).


20. Habibi, S. M .1996. urban development, Realities and Imaginations, Compilation by François Schweis, Tehran University Press. Tehran (In Persian).


21. Hosseini, S.A. 2001.Assessment of Educational Uses in Tehran and Providing Appropriate Patterns, MA in Urban Planning, Faculty of Arts, Tarbiat Modares University (In Persian).


22. Statistical Center of Iran.2006. Statistical Yearbook of East Azarbaijan (In Persian).


23. 23- Statistical Center of Iran. 2011.Statistical Yearbook of East Azarbaijan (In Persian).


24. Statistical Center of Iran.2016. Statistical Yearbook of East Azarbaijan (In Persian).


25. Organization of Parks and Green Space of Tabriz Municipality. 2001. Public Relations Office and Planning Office (In Persian).