Investigating root development depth of wheat under saline conditions

Subject Areas : Farm water management with the aim of improving irrigation management indicators

Arash Tafteh ¹ (Assistant Professor, Department of Irrigation and Soil Physics, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.)
Niazali Ebrahimipak ² (Associate Professor , Irrigation and Soil Physics, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research and Education Organization, Karaj, Iran.)
Mohammad Reza Emdad ³ (Associated Professor, Department of Irrigation and Soil Physics, Soil and Water Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Karaj, Iran.)

Received: 2021-09-10 Accepted : 2021-11-05 Published : 2021-10-23

Keywords: Salinity, Modeling, wheat, Root depth,

Abstract :

In the study , irrigation efficiency and its main equation, the depth of root development has been considered as an important and indisputable factor. Therefore, determining the exact depth of root development at different stages of plant growth is importance. In this research, by digging profiles directly, the depth of wheat root changes in Hamidiyeh, Kowsar, Atabiyeh, Yasmin Ferdows, Daryoun, Weiss, Shadegan and Hindijan regions with soils with different salinities of 7.3, 23.1, 12.8, 12.7, 4.9, 24, 10.7, 14.22 dS / m respectively, were measured at a depth of 0 to 60 cm. Also, water salinity in each of the above pilots was 1.8, 1.9, 2.5, 2.2, 1.7, 2.4, 6.4 and 3.2 dS / m, respectively. The predominant soil texture of these areas is Clay Loam and Silty Clay Loam, respectively. As the results show, the texture of these pilots is heavy and the results of this research can be generalized in the same range of soil texture. In this regard, the Borg-Grimes (1986) root development depth model was evaluated based on FAO information and indigenous information obtained from the region. The results show that FAO data cause a large error of about 176% and the use of indigenous relationships in different soil salinity classes shows that using these equations with an average error of 18% can be a more appropriate estimate of Root depth various in these areas.

References:

ابریشم‌کش، س.، فاضلی سنگانی، م.، رمضان پور، ح.، نوروزی، م.، شعبانی ع. ۱۳۹۹. اثر کاربرد سوسپانسیون بیوچار بر حسینعلی پور, بهاره, راهنما, افراسیاب, فرخیان فیروزی, احمد. (1399). اثر تنش خشکی بر رشد و معماری ریشه‌ گندم در مرحله رشد رویشی. علوم گیاهان زراعی ایران. 51(1): 75-63.

مقیمی مقدم، س.، کلارستاقی، ک.، صدر آبادی، ر. (1393). بررسی اثرات توسعه ریشه در ارتباط با تحمل به خشکی در چهار رقم گندم. دوفصلنامه ی علوم به زراعی گیاهی، 4(2): 9-13.

Allen, R.G., Pereira, L.S., Raes, D. & Smith, M. 1998. Crop evapotranspiration: Guidelines for computing crop requirements. Irrigation and Drainage Paper No. 56, Rome, FAO, 300 pp.

Borg, H., Grimes, D.W., 1986. Depth development of roots with time: An empirical description. Trans of the ASAE, 29, 194-197.

Clothier BE and Green SR, 1994. Rootzone processes and the efficient use of irrigation water. Agric Water Manag 25:1–12.

Coelho EF and Or D, 1996. A parametric model for two-dimensional water uptake by corn roots under drip irrigation. Soil Soc Am J 60, 1039–1049.

Doorenbos, J. and Kassam, A. H. 1979. Yield response to water. FAO Irrig. and Drain.Paper No. 33, FAO, Rome, Italy. 193 pp.

Hupet F, Lambot S, Feddes RA, van Dam JC and Vanclooster M, 2003. Estimation of root water uptake parameters by inverse modeling with soil water content data. Water Resour Res 39(11) 1312.

Kashiwagi, J., Krishnamurthy, L., Crouch, J.H., Serraj, R., 2006. Variability of root length density and its contributions to seed yield in chickpea (Cicer arietinum L.) under terminal drought stress. Field Crops Research. 95,171-181.

Lopes, M. S. & Reynolds, M. P. (2010). Partitioning of assimilates to deeper roots is associated with cooler canopies and increased yield under drought in wheat. Functional Plant Biology, 37: 147-156.

Richards, R. A. (2008). Genetic opportunities to improve cereal root systems for dryland agriculture. Plant Production Science, 11(1): 12-16.

Tafteh, A. and Sepaskhah, A.R. 2012. Application of HYDRUS-1D model for simulating water and nitrate leaching from continuous and alternate furrow irrigated rapeseed and maize fields. Agricultural Water  Management. 113: 19-29.

Wasson, A. P., Richards, R. A., Chatrath, R., Misra, S. C., Sai Prasad, S. V., Rebetzke, G. J., Kirkegaard, J. A., Christopher, J. & Watt, M. (2012). Traits and selection strategies to improve root systems and water uptake in water-limited wheat crops. Journal of Experimental Botany, 63(9): 3485-3498.