Toroidality and Projectivity index of Jacobson Graph

Subject Areas : Statistics

Atossa  Parsapour ¹ (Department of Mathematics Bandar Abbas Branch Islamic Azad University Bandar Abbas Iran)
Khadijeh  Ahmad Javaheri ² (Department of Mathematics, Bandar Abbas Branch. Islamic Azad University. Bandar Abbas. Iran)

Received: 2020-03-01 Accepted : 2021-02-26 Published : 2021-05-22

Keywords: گراف ژاکوبسون, گراف خط مکرر, اندیس چنبره ای, اندیس تصویری,

Abstract :

Given a graph Г, we denote the kth iterated line graph of Г by LK(Г) and LK(Г)=L(LK-1(Г)). In particular, L0(Г)=Г and L1(Г)=L(Г) is the line graph of Г. The toroidality (and projectivity) index of a graph Г is the smallest integer k such that the kth iterated line graph of Г is non-toroidal (and non-projective). We denote the toroidality index of a graph Г by ξT and the projectivity index of a graph Г by ξP. If LK(Г) is toroidal (and projective) for all k≥0, we define ξT=∞ (and ξP=∞). Let R be a commutative ring with nonzero identity. Then the Jacobson graph of R, denoted by 𝔍R, is defined as a simple graph with vertex set RJ(R) such that two distinct vertices x and y are adjacent if and only if 1 - xy is not a unit of R. In this paper, we study the toroidality and projectivity indices of Jacobson graphs. We give full characterization of this graph with respect to its toroidality and projectivity indices. Moreover, the toroidality and projectivity index of Jacobson graph is either infinite or two.

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