Flood Potential Evaluation of the Meandering Karkheh River Reach Using the Local Flood Hazard Index
Subject Areas : Water and river engineering
َAli
Liaghat
1
(عضو هیات علمی تمام وقت)
Reza
Afshinsharifan
2
(Assistance of PROF. Islamic Azad University of Shiraz, college of Agriculture)
Keywords: River, flood, LFH index, meander,
Abstract :
Introduction: Meanders are one of the important geomorphological-hydrological forms, and in terms of the spatial displacements they carry out in the limits of the flood plains, they change the morphological dimensions of the river bed and flood plains. Due to their high dynamics, these phenomena also cause major issues and problems in the boundaries of formation. Often, the presence of meanders shows the potential of the river for the occurrence of maximum discharges. In this research, areas with high flood potential in the meandering path of the Karkheh River have been identified using the local flood risk index (LFH). Materials and Methods: In this study, using the LFH index, the flood potential of the meandering paths of Karkheh River was evaluated. LFH is an index that is used to evaluate the potential of flood risk along the meandering path of the river. This index is computed using coefficients and morphological parameters of the catchment (roughness of the basin, drains density, roughness coefficient, elongation coefficient, etc. ) and meander geometric factors (meander length, meander curvature, arc angle, channel width, etc. ). Results and Discussion: The bank full flow rates were estimated using the length of the meander at 44 certain sections in the Karkheh River. results show that in the sections with the increasing meander lengths, flow rate will also be increased. In other words, high flow rates have passed through the large meander arcs. In these 44 sections, the highest discharge belongs to arch 41 with 2521 meters length (the longest arch) and 342.9 CMS flow. the distance of this arch from paypol station is 102.777 km. Also the lowest discharge belongs to arch 7 with 600 meters length (the shortest arch) and 25.88 CMS flow. the distance of arch 7 from paypol station is 15.6 km Conclusion: In overall, computed LFH indices show low flood potential in the Meandering Karkheh River Reach. This result is justified due to drainage density and total lengths of waterways per unit area in the Karkheh river basin. the values of LFH in 18 sections are negative that indicates low flood potential. In contrast, the same values are positive in 26 sections with high flood potential.
1. Alaei Taleghani M, Hasli F, Ahmadi Malavardi M. Evaluation of human role in lateral erosion and lateral expansion of Gamasiab river meanders in Biston plain. Geography and Environmental Sustainability. 2013; 3(6):107-120.
2. Asghari Saraskanroud S, Investigation and analysis of different patterns of Shahrchai river in Urmia. Iranian applied geomorphology.2013;1(1):1-55. https://civilica.com/doc/793720.
3. Azami Rad M, Ghahraman B, Esmaili K. Investigating the flood potential of Kashf River watershed of Mashhad based on SCS method in GIS environment. watershed management. 2018; 9 (17): 26-38.
4. Bayati Khatibi M. Investigation and estimation of floods in the course of meandering rivers with reference to the changes of bending arcs (case study: River AgiChai in northwest of Iran). Geography and Natural Hazards. 2012;1(3): 39-56. Doi: 10.22067/geo.v1i3.20263.
5. Dai S. B, Yang S. L, Cai A.M. Impacts of Dams on the Sediment Flux of the Pearl River, Southern China.Catena.2008; 76(1): 36–43.doi: 10.1016/j.catena.2008.08.004.
6. Dolati J. 2018. Investigating the geomorphological changes of the middle part of Etrak river using GIS. Master's thesis. University of Tehran. Faculty of Geography.
7. Habibi M, Javaheri N, Mathematical model for predicting lateral erosion in Meander Rivers. Technical Faculty Journal of Tehran University.2003; 37(2):227-234.
8. Haghiabi A.H, Imamgholizadeh S. Prediction of lateral erosion of Meander sections of Kashkan River. Geography and Development.2015;40:125-138.
9. Hooke. J.M. meandering rivers., Buckingham Building, Lion Terrace. 2007.
10. Omidvar K, Kianfar A, Asghari Sh. Zoning the Flood-Producing Potentials of Konjancham Basin. Physical Geography Research.2010;42(72): 73-90.
11. Kaharbaiyan P, Behinafar A, Shakri Zare H, Arefi M. Morphological evolutions and meandering pattern of Harirrood border river bed using RS, quantitative geomorphology researches. 2015;3: 53-64.
12. Ghanavati A, Karam A, Aghaalikhani M. Flood risk zonation in the farahzad basin (Tehran) using Fuzzy model. Geography and Environmental Planning Journal. 2013;48(4): 121-138.
13. Khabazi M, Seyfard A, Shirvani K, NovheSera M. Tracing the paths and highlighting the old meanders of the Karkhe River. Quantitative Geomorphology Research.2014;3(1): 37-50. dor: 20.1001.1.22519424.1393.3.1.3.9 .
14. Lazarević K, Todosijević M, Vulević T, Polovina S, Momirović N, Caković M. Determination of Flash Flood Hazard Areas in the Likodra Watershed. Water. 2023 Jul 26;15(15):2698. doi.org/10.3390/w15152698.
15. Loczy D, Kis E, Schweitzer F. Local Flood Hazard Assessed from Channel morphology along the Tisza River in Hungary. Geomorphology,2009;113(3): 200-209.doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.03.013.
16. Madadi A, Beheshti Javid A, Fathi, M. Revealing the changes of the river bed and investigating the river morphology according to the influence of geological structures (Case study: Zarin River). Hydrogeomorphology. 2015;2(2):25-40.
17. Nikenjad D, Alizadeh E, 2006, Study of flooding and its control in two sub-basins of Lake Urmia, technical workshop on coexistence with flooding. Irrigation and Drainage Committee, Urmia, Iran.
18. Novhegar A, Yamani M. Investigation of the geomorphological situation of Meander and its role in the erosion of the bed and banks of the Minab River (downstream of the Minab Dam) Geographical Researches.2003; 37(51):65-84.
19. Ollero A. Channel changes and floodplain management in the meandering middle Ebro River, Spain. Geomorphology.2010;117(3): 247–260. Doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2009.01.015.
20. Ramly S, Wardah T. Application of HEC-GeoHMS and HEC-HMS as rainfall-runoff model for flood simulation. ISFRAM. 2015: 181-192.doi: 10.1007/978-981-10-0500-8_15.
21. Sampath D.S, Weerakoon S.B, Herath S. HEC-HMS model for runoff simulation in a tropical catchment with intra-basin diversions – case study of the Deduru Oya river basin, Sri Lanka. Engineer Journal of the Institution of Engineers Sri Lanka, 2015; XLVIII (01): 1-9.doi: 10.4038/engineer.v48i1.6843.
22. Seif A, Najmi N. Enhancement of the Meander changes in Karon riverv using multi-temporal images of IRS and Landsat, Geographical Researches. 2013;28(110): 211-226.
23. Shayan S, Dehestani H. Calculations of Geometric Parameters and Investigations of its Geomorphological Changes Pattern in Kashkan River, Environmental Erosion Researches.2013; 8:21-34.
24. Stefanidis S, Stathi. Assessment of f flood hazard based on natural and anth ropogenic factors using analytic hierarchy process (AHP). Natural Hazards.2013;68(2):569–585. doi: 10.1007/s11069-013-0639-5.
25. Soleimani Karim, Fatemeh Shukrian, Sepideh Abdoli Bojani, Saberi Aref. Prioritization of flood risk potential of Talar watershed in GIS. Ecohydrology Journal. 2021;8(3):749-762 .
26. Thilagavathi G, Tamilenthi S, Ramu C, Baskaran R. Application of Gis in Flood Hazard Zonation Studies in Papanasam, Taluk, Thanjavur District, Tamilnadu. Advances in Applied Science Research, 2011; 2 (3):574-585.Available online at www.pelagiaresearchlibrary.com.
27. Timár G, Gábris G. Estimation of Water Conductivity of the Natural Flood Channels on the Tisza Flood-Plain, the Great Hungarian Plain. Geomorphology, 2008; 98: 250–261. doi: 10.1016/j.geomorph.2006.12.031.
28. Yamani M. Sharafi S. Geomorphology and effective factors on lateral erosion in Hor Rood River, Lorestan province. Geography and Environmental Planning Journal. 2012; 45(1): 15-23.
29. Yamani M, Enayati M. The relationship between geomorphologic characteristics of watersheds and flood potential. Geography Research,2005; 54(4): 47-57.
30. Ziyari Karamatullah, Rajaee Syed Abbas, Darab Khani Rasool. Flood potential zoning using hierarchical analysis and fuzzy logic in GIS, case study:Ilam city. Crisis management Journal. 2021;10(19):21-30.
