The effect of planting date, biofertilizer and nitrogen amounts on some agronomic traits, ear yield and canned kernel yield of Sweet Corn (Zea mays L. saccharata)
Subject Areas : Crop Production ResearchRasoul Ali 1 , Saeed Sayfzadeh 2 , Seyed Alireza Valadabadi 3 , Naser Shahsawari 4 , Hamidreza Zakerin 5
1 - Ph. D Student, Department of Agronomy, Tak. C., Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran.
2 - Department of Agronomy, Takestan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran.
3 - Assoiciate Professor of Dapartment of Agronomy, Tak. C., Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran.
4 - Assistant Professor of Dapartment of Agronomy, Haj. C., Islamic Azad University, Hajiabad, Iran.
5 - Assistant Professor of Dapartment of Agronomy, Tak. C., Islamic Azad University, Takestan, Iran.
Keywords: Biofertilizer, Nitrogen, Planting date, Sustainable Agriculture, Sweet corn, Yield,
Abstract :
Given the importance of sweet corn in the food industry and the necessity to reduce chemical inputs, this research was conducted to investigate the effects of delayed planting date, Biofertilizer, and reduced nitrogen levels on the yield and yield components of sweet corn (Zea mays L. var. saccharata) cv. KSC403su. The experiment was carried out as a factorial arrangement based on a Randomized Complete Block Design (RCBD) with three replications over two growing seasons (2016-2017 and 2017-2018) in Takestan, Iran. The treatments included two planting dates (June 5 and July 6), two nitrogen levels (300 and 240 kg ha⁻¹) and four Biofertilizer application levels (control, Azotobacter, Azospirillum and a combination of Azotobacter, Azospirillum & Pseudomonas). Combined analysis of variance revealed that the earlier planting date (June 5) significantly increased green ear yield (17277 vs. 16157 kg ha⁻¹), canned kernel yield (8479 vs. 7986 kg ha⁻¹), and ear length. The highest quantitative yield was achieved with the integrated treatment of 300 kg N ha⁻¹ combined with the mixed Biofertilizer (Azotobacter + Azospirillum + Pseudomonas). A key finding was the satisfactory performance of the treatment receiving 240 kg N ha⁻¹ alongside the mixed Biofertilizer, which outperformed even the control treatment with 300 kg N ha⁻¹ (without Biofertilizer). This underscores the potential of Biofertilizer to compensate for a 20% reduction in chemical nitrogen application without yield loss. In general, for achieving maximum yield, earlier planting (June 5) combined with the application of 300 kg N ha⁻¹ and seed inoculation with the mixed Biofertilizer (Azotobacter + Azospirillum + Pseudomonas) is recommended. Furthermore, using this specific Biofertilizer combination with 240 kg N ha⁻¹ is suggested as a practical strategy for reducing chemical input consumption and moving towards sustainable agriculture.
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