Effects of aerobic exercise on some markers of oxidative stress, apoptosis, and neurogenesis in hippocampal tissue of rats fed heated frying oil
Subject Areas : Cellular & Molecular Exercise Biology and Sports Genetic
1 - Department of Exercise Physiology, Faculty of Sport Sciences, ST. C., Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Keywords: Aerobic Exercise, Apoptosis, Oxidative Stress, Neurogenesis, Hippocampus,
Abstract :
Heated frying oil contains large amounts of free radicals, and consumption of foods prepared using this method causes tissue damage, especially in neural tissue, due to oxidative stress. Since moderate-intensity aerobic exercise reduces oxidative stress, the aim of this study was to investigate the effects of aerobic exercise on oxidative stress markers, apoptosis, and neurogenesis markers in hippocampal tissue of rats fed heated frying oil. In a preclinical trial, 18 male Wistar rats were selected as subjects and randomly assigned to three groups of control fed with a normal diet, control fed with heated frying oil, and aerobic exercise fed with heated frying oil. Heated frying oil was administered by gavage at a dose of 2 ml for four weeks, five days a week. Aerobic exercise consisted of treadmill running for four weeks, five sessions a week. 48 hours after the last training session, the rats were sacrificed and hippocampal tissue was extracted to measure the expression of the genes and enzymes of interest. Feeding with heated frying oil significantly increased the relative expression of BAX, Caspase3, and Caspase9 genes, as well as the activities of MDA and BDNF, and decreased the activities of SOD and CAT. The expression of cannabinoid receptor-2 was also significantly reduced. Aerobic exercise significantly decreased the relative expression of BAX, Caspase3, and Caspase9 genes, as well as the activity of MDA. The activity levels of SOD, CAT, and BDNF showed a significant increase under the influence of aerobic exercise. Feeding with heated frying oil causes pathological apoptosis in hippocampal tissue and reduces neurogenesis due to oxidative stress. While aerobic exercise exerts its neuroprotective effect on hippocampal tissue by reducing oxidative stress, inhibiting apoptosis and inducing neurogenesis.
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