Presenting the development model of media literacy of sports venue managers in order to manage job conflicts

Subject Areas :

AboAlhassan Sameri Nadafi ¹ , Mohamad Ali Nodehi ² , Zayalabedi , Falah ³ , Taher Bahlekeh ⁴

1 - PhD student in sports management, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
2 - Assistant Professor of Sports Management, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran
3 - Associate Professor of Sports Management, Islamic Azad University of Gorgan, Gorgan, Iran
4 - Department of Physical Education, Gorgan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Gorgan, Iran

Received: 2024-09-10 Accepted : 2025-01-10 Published : 2025-09-28

Keywords: conflict management, sports venues, sports manager, media literacy,

Abstract :

Extended Abstract

Introduction

In recent years, paying attention to customers' needs and responding to their demands, both in the production and service sectors, has become one of the most important and essential tasks and goals of organizations. Improving people's living standards and increasing income are the driving forces for the development of the sports industry, and the success of future sports organizations lies in meeting customers' needs and expectations, and this requires providing appropriate and high-quality services in sports venues. However, and in general, sports venues, as the operational arm of the country's sports, welcome a large number of customers with religious, political, economic, cultural, and social orientations in different age and gender groups, and accepting and analyzing their expectations is a very complex and challenging process. On the other hand, sports organizations overseeing sports venues have demands and expectations that are more biased towards organizational conservatism than the needs and expectations of sports clubs. Therefore, managers and officials of sports venues are usually in a challenging and eroding environment and spend a lot of time reducing conflicts. However, the existence of a peaceful environment combined with organizational health is a necessity for effective sports venues, and therefore, efforts to identify sources of conflict and operational strategies to overcome them and empower managers in this field will lead to the adoption of appropriate methods in managing conflict in sports venues. Therefore, the purpose of the present study is to present a model for developing media literacy of sports venue managers in order to manage job conflicts. 

Methodology

This study is qualitative research. The aim of this study is to develop the media literacy of sports venue managers in order to manage job conflicts. The research method is applied in terms of purpose and qualitative in terms of approach, and the method of theme analysis and content analysis was used. In this study, exploratory interviews were used to identify the media literacy factors of sports venue managers in order to manage job conflicts. To conduct field interviews, the research participants had sufficient knowledge about media literacy of managers and conflict management, including members of the sports management faculty. Also, sports venue managers in both young (less than 35 years old) and middle-aged (35 to 60 years old) groups were used. Because middle-aged managers, due to passing through youth, can have a more appropriate understanding of manager conflicts, conflict prevention, conflict resolution strategies, etc. The sampling method was purposive, of a criterion type, until theoretical saturation was reached. The number of samples included 20 people. Before conducting the interview, a letter signed by the researcher stating the ethical commitment to maintain the contents of the interview and the participants' details and not to publish them was sent along with the interview questions. Also, with the participants' knowledge, all interviews were recorded and reviewed to extract key points. After giving their consent, the interviews were held in person and in some cases by telephone due to the long distance (in the professor group). In the interviews, the respondents considered the question in question about presenting a new component or indicator or confirming the components and indicators collected. After the interview and collecting qualitative data, thematic analysis was used to analyze them. 

Results

The results of the thematic analysis showed that the organizer (source of information, content production, and critical thinking) and 25 basic themes exist as media literacy factors for sports venue managers in managing job conflicts. Also, by examining the frequencies of each of the organizing themes, it was determined that the organizing theme of critical thinking has a higher frequency than the other themes. 

Discussion and Conclusion

The purpose of this research is to present a model for developing media literacy for sports venue managers in order to manage job conflicts. The results of the content analysis showed that there is an organizer (source of information acquisition, content production, and critical thinking) and 25 basic themes as factors of media literacy for sports venue managers in order to manage job conflicts. Also, by examining the frequencies of each of the organizing themes, it was determined that the organizing theme of critical thinking has a higher frequency than the other themes. Based on the results of the research, the source of information acquisition is one of the dimensions of the model for developing media literacy for sports venue managers in order to manage job conflicts. In this regard, the American Center for Media Literacy defines media literacy as having proficiency in four skills: access (the ability to access correct information when we need it), analysis (the ability to analyze what we have found; in fact, the skill of decoding media messages), evaluation (evaluation), summarizing and integrating what we have obtained as a result; At this stage, the value of the message that is decoded with a critical eye is examined and creating (the ability to communicate) clearly with another thought and thought; this skill includes the ability to use media technology to deliver the message of the audience to its intended community. However, the development and improvement of information resources can improve the field of conflict management in the organization and provide the knowledge and information necessary to resolve disputes and occupational conflicts. However, and in general, managers can gain more knowledge and awareness by developing media literacy and, based on knowledge and awareness, reduce and eliminate occupational conflicts. Therefore, sports organizations should promote the field of developing media literacy of managers by providing educational and knowledge-enhancing programs, and in this regard, virtual programs are more emphasized due to the increased interaction with technological equipment. On the other hand, media literacy should be given special attention in higher education courses in sports management and experts in this field should be used to train managers. 

Keywords: conflict management, sports venues, sports manager, media literacy.

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