Influence of Cycocel and Salicylic acid on phytochemical traits and photosynthetic pigments of Salvia officinalis in two distinct agroecological zone
Subject Areas :
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Keywords: Salvia officinalis, Cycocel, Salicylic acid, Phytochemicals, Photosynthetic pigments, Environmental interaction,
Abstract :
Background & Aim: Salvia officinalis L., a medicinal plant from the Lamiaceae family, is widely valued for its essential oils and bioactive compounds. Environmental conditions and growth regulators significantly affect plant performance; however, limited information exists on their combined effects on S. officinalis. This study aimed to evaluate the impact of cycocel (CCC) and salicylic acid (SA) on phytochemical characteristics and photosynthetic pigments of S. officinalis grown in two distinct agroecological zones: Zob-Ahan and Shahrekord. Experimental: This study was conducted in two regions with distinct climatic conditions in Iran (Shahrekord and ZobAhan). A total of 108 pots (54 pots for each region) were prepared for cultivation of Salvia officinalis. A factorial experiment was conducted under controlled pot conditions using a completely randomized design. Cycocel and salicylic acid were applied at three concentrations (0, 1, and 1.5 mg/L). Results: The interaction between location and treatment significantly affected (P<0.01) photosynthetic pigments and phytochemical traits. Application of 1 mg/L CCC increased 1,8-cineole content by 19.8% compared to the control. Higher concentrations of SA, however, reduced camphene and 1,8-cineole levels. The effect of SA on increasing chlorophyll a, chlorophyll b, and total chlorophyll content was more pronounced than that of CCC, indicating its role in promoting pigment biosynthesis. Combined application of CCC and SA under different regional conditions significantly affect the important phytochemical and physiological attributes of S. officinalis. Optimizing their application according to regional characteristics can improve the yield and quality of bioactive compounds in this species. Recommended applications/industries: The observed synergistic effects of salicylic acid and cyclosel indicated that the combined application of these growth regulators can serve as an effective strategy to optimize the yield and resilience of S. officinalis across diverse environmental condition.
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