Laboratory investigation of the effect of increasing of dimethyl carbonate on the efficiency of internal combustion engine gasoline
Subject Areas :ali akbar miranbeigi 1 , Nader Gholami 2 , Mohammad Mahdi Eskandari 3
1 - Oil Refining Research Division, Research Institute of Petroleum Industry, Tehran, Iran
2 -
3 - Research Institute of Petroleum Industry
Keywords: Dimethyl carbonate, Air pollution, Fuel additives, Octane number improvers, Hydrocarbon pollutants.,
Abstract :
Dimethyl carbonate (DMC) has excellent properties for mixing with gasoline. In this research, for the first time, the effect of dimethyl carbonate on gasoline as an additive was studied and investigated. In this regard, the effect of combustion of base gasoline (100%) and mixing ratios of 3, 6 and 9 volume percent on the engine performance and pollution of a four-cylinder engine was investigated. Exhaust gases were measured using a special gas analyzer. The obtained results showed that mixing DMC with gasoline did not have a negative effect on the quality indicators of motor gasoline. The octane number of base gasoline, engine power, and torque increased, and fuel consumption reduced. In addition, CO, HC, NOX pollutants, and suspended particles reduced. Carbon monoxide decreased by about 29 wt.%. The amount of hydrocarbons and nitrogen compounds showed a significant decrease of about 50 and 73 wt.%, respectively, at different engine speeds.
] Daud S, Hamidi MA, Mamat R. A review of fuel additives' effects and predictions on internal combustion engine performance and emissions. AIMS Energy. 2022;10(1):1-22. doi: org10.3934/energy.2022001
[2] Rahiman MK, Santhoshkumar S, Subramaniam D, Avinash A, Pugazhendhi A. Effects of oxygenated fuel pertaining to fuel analysis on diesel engine combustion and emission characteristics. Energy. 2022;239:122373. doi: org/10.1016/j.energy.2021.122373
[3] Oppong F, Xu C, Li X, Luo Z. Esters as a potential renewable fuel: A review of the combustion characteristics. Fuel Processing Technology. 2022;229:107185. doi: org/10.1016/j.fuproc.2022.107185
[4] Rodríguez-Fernández J, Ramos Á, Barba J, Cárdenas D, Delgado J. Improving fuel economy and engine performance through gasoline fuel octane rating. Energies. 2020;13(13):3499. doi: org/10.3390/en13133499
[5] Amaral LV, Santos ND, Roso VR, de Oliveira Sebastião RD, Pujatti FJ. Effects of gasoline composition on engine performance, exhaust gases and operational costs. Renewable and Sustainable Energy Reviews. 2021;135:110196. doi: org/10.1016/j.rser.2020.110196
[6] Suzuki S, Takahashi E, Oguma M, Akihama K. Effect of blending dimethyl carbonate and ethanol with gasoline on combustion characteristics. fuels. 2023,4(4):441-53. doi: org/10.3390/fuels4040027
[7] Schifter I, González U, González-Macías C. Effects of ethanol, ethyl-tert-butyl ether and dimethyl-carbonate blends with gasoline on SI engine. Fuel. 2016;183:253-61. doi: org/10.1016/j.fuel.2016.06.051
[8] Pirouzfar V, Hakami M, Hassanpour zonoozi, M, Su CH. Improving the performance of gasoline fuels by adding methanol and methyl tertiary-butyl ether along with metal oxides titanium oxide and magnesium oxide. Energy. 2024;294:130687. doi: org/10.1016/j.energy.2024.130687
[9] Yang Q, Shao S, Zhang Y, Hou H, Qin C, Sun D, Liu Y. Comparative study on life cycle assessment of gasoline with methyl tertiary-butyl ether and ethanol as additives. Science of the total environment. 2020;724:138130. doi: org/10.1016/j.scitotenv.2020.138130
[10] Abdellatief TM, Ershov MA, Savelenko VD, Kapustin VM, Makhova UA, Klimov NA, et al. Advanced progress and prospects for producing high-octane gasoline fuel toward market development: State-of-the-art and outlook. Energy & Fuels. 2023;37(23):18266-90. doi: org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.3c02541
[11] Abdellatief TM, Ershov MA, Kapustin VM, Chernysheva EA, Mustafa A. Low carbon energy technologies envisaged in the context of sustainable energy for producing high-octane gasoline fuel. Sustainable Energy Technologies and Assessments. 2023;56:103103. doi: org/10.1016/j.seta.2023.103103
[12] Estevez R, Aguado-Deblas L, Luna D, Bautista FM. An overview of the production of oxygenated fuel additives by glycerol etherification, either with isobutene or tert-butyl alcohol, over heterogeneous catalysts. Energies. 2019;12(12):2364. doi: org/10.3390/en12122364
[13] Yang B, Sun W, Moshammer K, Hansen N. Review of the influence of oxygenated additives on the combustion chemistry of hydrocarbons. Energy & Fuels. 2021;35(17):13550-68. doi: org/10.1021/acs.energyfuels.1c01841
[14] Pearce JM, Parncutt R. Quantifying global greenhouse gas emissions in human deaths to guide energy policy. Energies. 2023;16(16):6074. doi: org/10.3390/en16166074
[15] American Society for Testing and Material (ASTM USA Standards), Standard Test Method for Determination of MTBE, ETBE, TAME, DIPE, tertiary-Amyl Alcohol and C1 to C4 Alcohols in Gasoline by Gas Chromatography, ASTM D4815, 2022. doi: 10.1520/D4815-99
[16] Yang B, Yang Z, Wei J, Yin Z, Zeng Y, Qian Y, et al. Oxidation-induced variations in the physical and fragmentation characteristics of exhaust soot from DMC-diesel blend: effect of NO presence in the air atmosphere. Fuel. 2024;370:131817. doi: org/10.1016/j.fuel.2024.131817
[17] Wang Q, Ni J, Huang R. The potential of oxygenated fuels (n-octanol, methylal, and dimethyl carbonate) as an alternative fuel for compression ignition engines with different load conditions. Fuel. 2022;309:122129. doi: org/10.1016/j.fuel.2021.122129
[18] Abdalla AO, Liu D. Dimethyl carbonate as a promising oxygenated fuel for combustion: A review. Energies. 2018;11(6):1552. doi: org/10.3390/en11061552
