The Relationship Between Childhood Trauma and Emotional Intimacy: The Mediating Role of Self-Esteem
Subject Areas : روانشناسی تحولیAtusa ahmadi beygzade 1 , محترم نعمت طاووسی 2
1 - Islamic Azad University Tehran South Branch
2 - lمدیر گروه روانشناسی
داتشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد تهران جنوب
Keywords: emotional intimacy, self-esteem, childhood trauma,
Abstract :
This research was aimed to determining the mediating role of self-esteem in the relationship between childhood trauma and emotional intimacy. The statistical population included undergraduate and graduate psychology students of the university of the Islamic Azad University, South Tehran Branch, in the academic year of 2022-2023. 300 married students were selected as the sample group of the study using the convenient sampling method and were administered the Personal Assessment of Intimacy in Relationships Inventory (Schaefer and Olson, 1981), the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire (Bernstein et al., 2003) and Global Self-Esteem (GSE) in Multidimensional Self-Esteem Inventory (O’Brien & Epstein, 1980) answered. The results of data analysis showed that there is a significant correlation between all research variables and self-esteem plays a mediating role in the relationship between childhood trauma and emotional intimacy. Thus, childhood trauma explains 20% of the variance of self-esteem. Also, 14% of the variance of emotional intimacy is explained through self-esteem. In sum, the findings of this research showed that the experiences of childhood traumas create obstacles on the way of individuals to establish and maintain intimate relationships with emotional partners in adulthood by reducing the level of self-esteem.
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Crusto, C. A., Whitson, M. L., Walling, S. M., Feinn, R., Friedman, S. R., Reynolds, J., ... & Kaufman, J. S. (2010). Posttraumatic stress among young urban children exposed to family violence and other potentially traumatic events. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 23(6), 716-724.
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Davis, J. L., Petretic-Jackson, P. A., & Ting, L. (2001). Intimacy dysfunction and trauma symptomatology: Long-term correlates of different types of child abuse. Journal of Traumatic Stress, 14(1), 63-79.
Don, B. P., Girme, Y. U., & Hammond, M. D. (2019). Low self-esteem predicts indirect support seeking and its relationship consequences in intimate relationships. Personality and Social Psychology Bulletin, 45(7), 1028-1041.
Downey, C., & Crummy, A. (2022). The impact of childhood trauma on children's wellbeing and adult behavior. European Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 6(1), 100237.
Dube, S. R., Anda, R. F., Felitti, V. J., Chapman, D. P., Williamson, D. F., & Giles, W. H. (2001). Childhood abuse, household dysfunction, and the risk of attempted suicide throughout the life span: Findings from the adverse childhood experiences study. JAMA, 286(24), 3089–3096.
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Essien, E. A., Attoe, O. R., Anake, G. A., Uwah, E. E., Aigbomian, E. J., Eleazu, F. I., & Udofia, O. (2018). The Childhood Trauma Questionnaire: Validity, reliability and factor structure among adolescents in Calabar, Nigeria. Nigerian Journal of Medicine, 27(3), 252-259.
Fincham, F. D., & Bradbury, T. N. (1993). Marital satisfaction, depression, and attributions: A longitudinal analysis. Journal of Personality and Social Psychology, 64, 442-452.
Finkelhor, D. (2009). The prevention of childhood sexual abuse. The Future of Children, 19(2), 169-194.
Finkelhor, D., Ormrod, R. K., & Turner, H. A. (2007). Poly-victimization: A neglected component in child victimization. Child abuse & Neglect, 31(1), 7-26.
Fitzgerald, M. (2021). Developmental pathways from childhood maltreatment to young adult romantic relationship functioning. Journal of Trauma & Dissociation, 22(5), 581-597.
Fitzgerald, M. (2022). Attachment as a mediator linking childhood maltreatment to attributions in adult intimate relationships. The Family Journal, 30(4), 562-569.
Fitzgerald, M., & Shuler, J. (2023). Coping together or separate: Attachment and dyadic coping as mediators linking childhood maltreatment to intimate relationship quality. Journal of Couple & Relationship Therapy, 22(4), 344-361.
Fortier, M. A., DiLillo, D., Messman‐Moore, T. L., Peugh, J., DeNardi, K. A., & Gaffey, K. J. (2009). Severity of child sexual abuse and revictimization: The mediating role of coping and trauma symptoms. Psychology of Women Quarterly, 33(3), 308-320.
Goff, B. S. N., Crow, J. R., Reisbig, A. M. J., & Hamilton, S. (2007). The impact of individual trauma symptoms of deployed soldiers on relationship satisfaction. Journal of Family Psychology, 21(3), 344–353.
Goff, B. S. N., Irwin, L., Cox, M., Devine, S., Summers, K., & Schmitz, A. (2014). A qualitative study of single-trauma and dual-trauma military couples. Psychological Trauma: Theory, Research, Practice, and Policy, 6(3), 216–223.
Heidari, P., & Nemattavousi, M. (2021). Behavioral inhibition/activation systems and self-esteem with depression: The mediating role of social anxiety. Journal of Rational-Emotive & Cognitive-Behavior Therapy, 39, 375-389.
Huh, H. J., Kim, S. Y., Yu, J. J., & Chae, J. H. (2014). Childhood trauma and adult interpersonal relationship problems in patients with depression and anxiety disorders. Annals of General Psychiatry, 13, 26.
جابری، س.، اعتمادی، ع. و احمدی، س. ا. (1394). بررسی رابطه مهارت‌های ارتباطی با صمیمیت زناشویی. پژوهش‌های علوم شناختی و رفتاری، 2(9)، 152-143.
Jaberi, S., Etemadi, O., Ahmadi. S. A. (2016). Investigation of Structural Relationship between Communication Skills and Marital Intimacy. Research in Cognitive and Behavioral Sciences, 5(2), 143-152. [In Persian]
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