Construction and standardization of the current status questionnaire of club management in Iranian football
Subject Areas : knowledge Management
Mirhamed Karimizad
1
,
Mehran Nasiri
2
,
Fahimeh AdibSaber
3
1 - Department of Physical Education and Sport Sciences, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
2 - Department of Physical Education, Bandar Anzali Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bandar Anzali, Iran. Email
3 - Department of Physical Education, Rasht Branch, Islamic Azad University, Rasht, Iran
Keywords: club management, football, Iran, management, questionnaire,
Abstract :
This study aimed to construct and standardize a questionnaire on the current state of club management in Iranian football using a mixed method in two sections. In the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews were used with 20 elite sports management and football club managers to identify the indicators and dimensions of club management. The samples were selected purposively and based on the principle of theoretical saturation. The research tool in this section was interviews with designed questions. In the quantitative section, a standard questionnaire was designed to measure the state of club management. The statistical population included 107 football club managers. The research tool included a questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale. To evaluate the tool, face and content validity and reliability were examined with Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods and structural equation modeling. After open and process coding of the interviews, a questionnaire was prepared in the form of 72 items regarding the current state of club management in Iranian football. After removing questions with low factor loading, the Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire increased and the reliability increased. According to the results of the questionnaire to assess the state of management of Iranian football clubs, five dimensions of fans, sponsors, government and legal, media and ownership and management can be examined. The questionnaire on the state of club management in Iranian football developed in this study has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used as an influential questionnaire.
This study aimed to construct and standardize a questionnaire on the current state of club management in Iranian football using a mixed method in two sections. In the qualitative section, semi-structured interviews were used with 20 elite sports management and football club managers to identify the indicators and dimensions of club management. The samples were selected purposively and based on the principle of theoretical saturation. The research tool in this section was interviews with designed questions. In the quantitative section, a standard questionnaire was designed to measure the state of club management. The statistical population included 107 football club managers. The research tool included a questionnaire with a 5-point Likert scale. To evaluate the tool, face and content validity and reliability were examined with Cronbach's alpha. Data analysis was performed using exploratory and confirmatory factor analysis methods and structural equation modeling. After open and process coding of the interviews, a questionnaire was prepared in the form of 72 items regarding the current state of club management in Iranian football. After removing questions with low factor loading, the Cronbach's alpha of the questionnaire increased and the reliability increased. According to the results of the questionnaire to assess the state of management of Iranian football clubs, five dimensions of fans, sponsors, government and legal, media and ownership and management can be examined. The questionnaire on the state of club management in Iranian football developed in this study has acceptable validity and reliability and can be used as an influential questionnaire.
