Evaluation of pharmacological properties using in vitro and in vivo (Swiss albino male mice) model followed by isolation of ergosterol from the stem bark extract of Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. (Fabaceae family)

Subject Areas : Phytochemistry: Isolation, Purification, Characterization

Samia Nahar Tahiti ¹ , A.H.M. Nazmul Hasan ² , Sumaia Akter ³ , Ramisa Anjum ⁴ , Md. Khokon Miah Akanda ⁵ , Afsana Akter Khuku ⁶ , Akash Majumder ⁷ , Fayad Bin Abdus Salam ⁸ , Tania Binte Wahed ⁹ , Sadia Noor ¹⁰

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Received: 2025-01-01 Accepted : 2025-03-27 Published : 2025-03-30

Keywords: Anti-diabetic, Anti-diarrheal, Anti-inflammatory, Antioxidant, Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. (Fabaceae), Ergosterol, Thrombolytic activity,

Abstract :

This study investigated the pharmacological properties stem bark of extracts from Delonix regia (Bojer ex Hook.) Raf. (Fabaceae family), followed by the isolation of phytoconstituents. The methanolic extract exhibited significantly higher antioxidant activity (68.96 ± 1.82 mg/g AAE vs. 46.4 ± 2.3 mg/g AAE) and DPPH free radical scavenging activity (IC₅₀ = 22.387 µg/mL vs. 154.88 µg/mL) compared to the petroleum ether extract. Additionally, it demonstrated superior thrombolytic activity (59.62% vs. 51.38%) and significantly reduced the number of defecated pellets by 17.3% and 45.87% at doses of 200 and 400 mg/kg BW (p < 0.01). Both extracts dose-dependently and significantly reduced blood glucose levels (p < 0.001). The methanolic extract also exhibited stronger analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and antipyretic effects compared to the petroleum ether extract in mice. The structure of the isolated ergosterol was confirmed using ¹H-NMR spectroscopy. This study may guide future research and the isolation of additional bioactive compounds, while in silico studies could help elucidate the mechanisms underlying the observed activities.

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