Dietary Supplementation of Zinc Oxide Nanoparticles and Yeast Culture: Effect on Nutrient Digestibility, Growth Performance, and Blood Metabolites in Ghanduzi Male Lambs
Subject Areas :
1 -
Keywords: feed additives, nanominerals, paraprobiotics, sheep farming,
Abstract :
The worldwide prohibition of antibiotics has heightened interest in alternative feed additives, like parapro-biotics and nanominerals, to improve livestock performance. This study investigates the effects of zinc ox-ide nanoparticles (ZnO-Nps) and yeast culture (YC) on nutrient digestibility, growth performance, and blood metabolites in Ghanduzi male lambs. Sixteen Ghanduzi male lambs, with an average body weight of 32 ± 4.2 kg, were randomly assigned to one of four dietary treatments: a control diet without supplements; a diet supplemented with 50 mg/kg ZnO-Nps; a diet containing 5 g/kg YC; and a diet combining both ZnO-Nps and YC. The trial lasted 28 days, during which daily dry matter intake (DMI), nutrient digestibility, and growth performance metrics were recorded. Blood samples were collected for biochemical analysis. Lambs fed with the diet combining ZnO-Nps and YC showed the highest daily dry matter intake (DMI). This diet significantly enhanced the digestibility of dry matter (DM), crude protein (CP), neutral detergent fiber (NDF), and organic matter (OM) compared to other groups (P<0.001). The final body weight (BW) and average daily gain (ADG) were also significantly higher in the ZnO-Nps + YC group (43.42 kg and 0.417 kg/day, respectively) compared to the control and YC groups (P<0.001). Blood metabolites showed no significant differences among treatment groups, although trends indicated improved nitrogen utilization in the supplemented groups. Combining ZnO-Nps and yeast culture substantially enhances growth perform-ance and nutrient digestibility in Ghanduzi male lambs without adversely affecting blood metabolites. These results advocate for the utilization of ZnO-Nps and YC as potent alternatives to conventional growth promoters in sheep farming.
References:
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Geetha K., Chellapandian M., Arulnathan N. and Ramanathan A. (2020). Nano zinc oxide - An alternate zinc supplement for livestock. Vet. World. 13(1), 121-126.
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Hussein M.A., Ismail Z.S.H. and Abdel Wareth A.A.A. (2020). Application of zinc oxide nanoparticles on productive per-formance in rabbit nutrition: A Review. SVU- Int. J. Vet. Sci. 2(2), 278-290.
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Liu Y.Z., Lang M., Zhen Y.G., Chen X., Sun Z., Zhao W., Zhang X.F., Wang T. and Qin G.X. (2019). Effects of yeast culture supplementation and the ratio of non-structural carbohydrate to fat on growth performance, carcass traits and the fatty acid profile of the longissimus dorsi muscle in lambs. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 103, 1274-1282.
Mahmoud M.M., Youssef I.M.I., Abd El-Tawab M.M., Bakr H.A., Eissa N.A. and Hassan M.S. (2020). Influence of probi-otic and yeast culture supplementation on selected biochemi-cal and immunological parameters of growing lambs. Polish J. Vet. Sci. 23(1), 5-12.
Malekkhahi M., Tahmasbi A.M., Naserian A.A., Danesh Mesga-ran M., Kleen J.L. and Parand A.A. (2015). Effects of essen-tial oils, yeast culture and malate on rumen fermentation, blood metabolites, growth performance and nutrient digestibil-ity of baluchi lambs fed high-concentrate diets. J. Anim. Physiol. Anim. Nutr. 99, 221-229.
Mitchell L.K. and Heinrichs A.J. (2020). Feeding various forages and live yeast culture on weaned dairy calf intake, growth, nu-trient digestibility, and ruminal fermentation. J. Dairy Sci. 103, 8880-8897.
Mohamed A., Mohamed M., Abd-El-Ghany F., Mahgoup A. and Ibrahim K. (2015). Influence of some trace minerals in form of nanoparticles as feed additives on lamb's performance. J. Anim. Poult. Prod. 6, 693-703.
Mohamed A.H., Mohamed M.Y., Ibrahim K., Abd-El-Ghany F.T.F. and Mahgoup A.A.S. (2017). Impact of nano-zinc oxide supplementation on productive performance and some bio-chemical parameters of ewes and offspring. Egyptian J. Sheep Goat Sci. 12, 49-64.
Mullins C., Mamedova L., Carpenter A., Ying Y., Allen M., Yoon I. and Bradford B. (2013). Analysis of rumen microbial popu-lations in lactating dairy cattle fed diets varying in carbohy-drate profiles and Saccharomyces cerevisiae fermentation product. J. Dairy Sci. 96, 5872-5881.
Murthy N. (2013). Investigation of Biochemical and Histopa-thological Modifications Induced by Selenium Toxicity on Albino Mice. LAP Lambert Academic Publishing, Saar-brucken, Germany.
Nawab A., Liu W., Li G., Ibtisham F., Fox D., Zhao Y., Wo J., Xiao M., Nawab Y. and An L. (2019). The potential role of probiotics (nutraceuticals) in gut health of domestic animals; an alternative to antibiotic growth promoters. J. Hellenic Vet. Med. Soc. 69, 1169-1188.
Novoselec J., Šperanda M., Klir Ž., MiocˇB., Steiner Z. and An-tunović Z. (2017). Blood biochemical indicators and concen-tration of thyroid hormones in heavily pregnant and lactating ewes depending on selenium supplementation. Acta Vet. Brno. 86, 353-363.
NRC. (2007). Nutrient Requirements: Sheep, Goats, Cervids, and New World Camelids. National Academy Press, Washington, DC, USA.
Pieper R., Vahjen W., Neumann K., Van Kessel A.G. and Zentek J. (2012). Dose-dependent effects of dietary zinc oxide on bac-terial communities and metabolic profiles in the ileum of weaned pigs. J. Anim. Physiol. Nutr. 96, 825-833.
Plaza-Díaz J., Ruiz-Ojeda F.J., Gil-Campos M. and Gil A. (2019). Mechanism of action of probiotics. Adv. Nutr. 10, 49-66.
Rajendran D., Kumar G., Ramakrishnan S. and Shibi T. (2013). Enhancing the milk production and immunity in Holstein Frie-sian crossbred cow by supplementing novel nano zinc oxide. Res. J. Biotechnol. 8, 11-17.
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