Effect of Nitrate, Ammonium and Mesos on In Vitro Multiplication of Gerbera jamesonii: New Findings

Subject Areas : Journal of Ornamental Plants

Morteza Fayeghi ¹ , Mousa Torabi Giglou ² , Batool Hosseinpour ³

1 - Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and natural resources, University of Mohagheh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
2 - Department of Horticultural Sciences, Faculty of Agriculture and natural resources, University of Mohagheh Ardabili, Ardabil, Iran
3 - Department of Plant production and protection, Institute of Agriculture, Iranian Research Organization for Science and Technology, Tehran, Iran

Received: 2024-11-10 Accepted : 2025-01-07 Published : 2025-03-23

Keywords: Ammonium, Gerbera, Mesos, Micropropagation, Nitrate,

Abstract :

Gerbera jamesonii (gerbera) is a commercially cultivated cut flower worldwide. Owing to high levels of heterozygosity, micropropagation is the most suitable approach for the rapid propagation of gerbera cultivars. The optimization of a suitable culture medium is critical for the micropropagation protocol and requires the adjustment of medium components, such as macro- and micronutrients. A full factorial experiment (2 × 2 × 3 × 3) was designed using KNO₃ at 0.5X and 1X levels, NH₄NO₃ at 0.5X, 1X, and 1.5X levels, mesos (MgSO₄.7H₂O, CaCl₂.2H₂O, and KH₂PO₄) at 0.5X, 1X, and 1.5X levels, and two cultivars (Artist and Brilliance) to analyze the effect of their single and multiple interactions on several in vitro growth parameters of gerbera. The current study indicated that the triple interaction among nitrate, ammonium, and mesos affects all growth parameters, and interestingly, KNO₃ × NH₄NO₃ did not affect shoot number. As a result, the highest number of shoots, the lowest number of roots, and the lowest length of the roots were obtained using low concentrations of KNO₃ (0.5X) and NH₄NO₃ (0.5X) and increased levels of mesos (1.5X). This research reports new findings on the interaction effects among macroelements and suggests how they can be modified to improve the rate of micropropagation as well as the quality of regenerated gerbera plants.

 

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