Abstract :
Introduction:The purpose of this study was to investigate the impact of learner characteristics through mediating the usefulness of ICT tools on risky attitudes and entrepreneurial intention.
Materials and Methods:The research method was descriptive-correlational (causal type) and the statistical population was 913 female high school students in Abadeh and 210 students in a single sample using Power G sampling software and single-stage cluster random sampling. It was. Data collection tools in this study were Entrepreneurial Learning Questionnaire, by Tang et al. (2010), ICT, by Agostinho (2002), Entrepreneurial Venture Risk, by Iverson (2004), Entrepreneurial Development, by Hisrich(1988) and Entrepreneurial Goals, by Scott and et al. (2003) confirmed that its content validity and reliability through Cronbach's alpha were estimated to be 0.705, 0.721, 0.704, 0.821, and 0.813, respectively. SPSS 26 software was used to test the hypotheses in inferential statistics using structural equation modeling with Smart PLS3 software.
Findings: The findings showed that learner entrepreneurial characteristics, on entrepreneurial intention (P <0.01), on ICT tool usefulness (P <0.001). Through the usefulness of ICT tools, it positively influenced risky attitudes and perceptions of entrepreneurship project development centers (P <0.001). Also, the usefulness of ICT tools on risky attitudes (P <0.001) had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention through risky attitudes (P <0.05). Furthermore, risky attitudes had a positive effect on entrepreneurial intention (P <0.001). Also, understanding of empirical interactions with Entrepreneurship Project Development Centers had positive effects on risky attitudes and on entrepreneurial intention through risky attitudes (P <0.001). But the usefulness of the ICT tool did not affect entrepreneurial intention on entrepreneurial intention as well as understanding of empirical interactions with entrepreneurship project development centers (P >0.05).
Conclusion:It seems that entrepreneurship development, through the initiative and creativity in entrepreneurial projects, as well as encouraging students to change their attitude towards entrepreneurship and creative work, is achieved through more entrepreneurship education.
References:
Albrecht, G.H. (2003). How friendly are family friendly policies? Business Ethics Quarterly, 13(2),177-92. https://www.jstor.org/stable/3857658
van Laar, E., van Deursen, A. J. A. M., van Dijk, J. A. G. M., & de Haan, J. (2017). The relation between 21st-century skills and digital skills: A systematic literature review. Computers in Human Behavior, 72, 577–588.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.chb.2017.03.010
Azizi, F., & Heydari, M. (2019). The Impact of Learner Characteristics through the Mediator of the Information and Communication Technology Tools and Risky Attitudes on Entrepreneurial Intention (Case Study: Abadeh High School Girl Students), Dissertation for obtaining a Master's degree (M.A), Educational Administration, Islamic Azad University of Abade Branch (in Persian).
Luca, M. R., & Cazan, A. M. (2011). Involvement in Entrepreneurial Training and Personality. Procedia-Social and Behavioral Sciences, 30, 1251-1256.
doi: 10.1016/j.sbspro.2013.06.696
Lackéus, M. (2013). Developing entrepreneurial competencies -an action-based approach and classification in education. licentiate thesis, Chalmers University of Technology.
Mahfud, T., BruriTriyono, M., Sudira, P., & Mulyani, Y. (2020). The influence of social capital and entrepreneurial attitude orientation on entrepreneurial intentions: the mediating role of psychological capital, European Research on Management and Business Economics, 26(1), 33-39.https://doi.org/10.1016/j.iedeen.2019.12.005
Duval-Couetil, N. (2013). Assessing the impact of entrepreneurship education Programs: Challenges and approaches. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(3), 394–409.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12024
Nabi, G., Liñán, F., Fayolle, A., Krueger, N., & Walmsley, A. (2017). The impact of entrepreneurship education in higher education: A systematic review and research agenda. The Academy of Management Learning and Education, 16(2), 277–299.
https://doi.org/10.5465/amle.2015.0026
Pittaway, L., & Edwards, C. (2012). Assessment: Examining practice in entrepreneurship education. Education Training, 54(8/9), 778–800.
http://dx.doi.org/10.1108/00400911211274882
176 فصلنامه علمی – پژوهشی زن و جامعه. 1400؛ 12 (45): 161- 178
|
Cooper, S., Bottomley, C., & Gordon, J. (2004). Stepping out of the classroom and up the ladder of Learning: An experiential learning approach to entrepreneurship education. Industry and Higher Education, 18(1), 11–22.
https://doi.org/10.5367/000000004773040924
Daly, S. P. (2001). Student-operated internet Businesses: True experiential learning in entrepreneurship and retail management. Journal of Marketing Education, 23(3), 204–215.
Sinclair, V. G., & Wallston, K. A. (2004). The development and psychometric evaluation of the brief resilient coping scale. Assessment, 11(1), 94–101.
https://doi.org/10.1177/0273475301233006
Morris, M. H., Webb, J. W., Fu, J., & Singhal, S. (2013). A competency-based perspective on entrepreneurship Education: Conceptual and empirical insights. Journal of Small Business Management, 51(3), 352–369.
https://doi.org/10.1111/jsbm.12023
Zampetakis, L. A., & Moustakis, V. (2006). Linking creativity with entrepreneurial intentions: A structural approach. The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 2(3), 413–428.
DOI: 10.1007/s11365-006-0006-z
Kolvereid, L., & Isaksen, E. (2006). New business start-up and subsequent entry into selfemployment, Journal of Business Venturing, 21, 866–885.
DOI: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2005.06.008
Tang, J., Kacmar, K. M., & Busenitz, L. (2010). Entrepreneurial alertness in the pursuit of new opportunities. Journal of Business Venturing, 27, 77–94.
doi: 10.1016/j.jbusvent.2010.07.001
Karlsson, T., & Moberg, K. (2013). Improving perceived entrepreneurial abilities through education: Exploratory testing of an entrepreneurial self efficacy scale in a pre-post setting. The International Journal of Management Education, 11(1), 1–11.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2012.10.001
Barbosa, S. D., Gerhardt, M. W., & Kickul, J. R. (2007). The role of cognitive style and risk preference on entrepreneurial self-efficacy and entrepreneurial intentions. Journal of Leadership & Organizational Studies, 13(4), 86-104.
بررسی تاثیر ویژگی های یادگیرنده از طریق میانجی سودمندی ابزار فناوری اطلاعات و ارتباطات(فاوا) بر نگرش های ریسک پذیر و قصد کارآفرینیدانش آموزان دختر مقطع متوسطه دوم شهر آباده
|
https://doi.org/10.1177/10717919070130041001
Zeinabadi, HR., Salehi, K., & Parand, K. (2007). Study entitled Girls and Vocational Technical Education: Evaluating the Quality of Individual, Social and Economic Dimensions of Outputs of Vocational Technical Vocational Schools for Girls in Tehran, Women's Research, 5(2), 129-164. (in Persian).
https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=74894
Hosseininasab, S. D., Khadivi, A., & Musazadeh, A. (2010). Investigating the Relationship between the Components of the Learning Organization and the Entrepreneurial Attitude of the Students of Payame Noor University, Naghadeh Center in the Academic Year of 2009-2010, Education and Evaluation, 12(3), 29-46 (in Persian).
https://www.sid.ir/fa/journal/ViewPaper.aspx?id=171299
Caliendo, M., Fossen, F. M., & Kritikos, A. S. (2010). The impact of risk attitudes on entrepreneurial survival. Journal of Economic Behavior & Organization, 76(1), 45–63.
doi:10.1016/j.jebo.2010.02.012
Sanchez, J. C. (2011). University training for entrepreneurial Competencies: Its impact on intention of venture creation. The International Entrepreneurship and Management Journal, 7, 239–254.
DOI: 10.1007/s11365-010-0156-x
Arasti, Z., Saeed Babanaki, S., & AviationPour, N, (2011). The role of lesson teaching; Fundamentals of Entrepreneurship; In Entrepreneurship Intention of Non-Management Students - Case Study: Faculty of Art, Literature and Humanities, University of Tehran, Entrepreneurship Development, 14(4), 107-124 (in Persian).
https://jed.ut.ac.ir/article_24403.html
فصلنامه علمی – پژوهشی زن و جامعه. 1400؛ 12 (45): 161- 178 177
|
Fairlie, R. W., & Holleran, W. (2012). Entrepreneurship training, risk aversion and other personality Traits: Evidence from a random experiment. Journal of Economic Psychology, 33, 366-378.
DOI: 10.1016/j.joep.2011.02.001
Baqersad, V., Zali, M. R., Razavi, S. M., & Badnaki, S. (2013). The effect of entrepreneurship education on entrepreneurial intention of technical and vocational students. Entrepreneurship Development, 22 (6), 21-36 (in Persian). 10.22059/jed.2013.50796
Beranek, L. (2015). The attitude of the college students to entrepreneurial skills development in the subject e-commerce. Informatics in Education, 14(1), 1–13.
DOI: http://dx.doi.org/10.15388/infedu.2015.01
Sirelkhatim, F., & Gangi, Y. (2015). Entrepreneurship education: A systematic literature review of curricula contents and teaching methods. Cogent Business & Management, 2(1), 1052034.
DOI: 10.1080/23311975.2015.1052034
Zia, B., & WaqarMousavi, M. (2016). Investigating the effect of formal entrepreneurship education on the formation of entrepreneurial intention, Entrepreneurship Development, 31(9), 117-999 (in Persian).
10.22059/jed.2016.59858
Neck, H. M., Neck, C. P., & Murray, E. L. (2017). Entrepreneurship: The practice and mindset. SAGE Publications.
https://us.sagepub.com/en-us/nam/entrepreneurship/book259158
30.Ahmadi Zahed, B., & Saberian, S. (2018). The Impact of Learning Entrepreneurial Features on Interactions with Entrepreneurship Project Development Centers. Entrepreneurship Development, 11 (8), 39-27 (in Persian).https://jed.ut.ac.ir/issue_8948_9296.html
Bandera, C., Collins, R., & Passerini, K. (2018). Risky business: Experiential learning, information and communications technology, and risk-taking attitudes in entrepreneurship education. The International Journal of Management Education, 16(2), 224-238.
https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ijme.2018.02.006
Askarifar, K., Ebrahimi, A., & Alavi, SM. (2018). Provide an educational model for the development of entrepreneurial abilities in students through the mediation of personality traits. Journal of Entrepreneurship Development, 11 (1), 101-120.(in Persian).
doi: 10.22059 / jed.2018.256815.652580
Panwar Seth, K. (2020). The impact of Entrepreneurship Education on Entrepreneurial Intention: An empiricalstudy of entrepreneurshipeducation’s four key characteristics, A thesis submitted for the degree of Doctor of Philosophy, Brunel University London. http://bura.brunel.ac.uk/handle/2438/20368
Agostinho, S., Oliver, R., Harper, B., Hedberg, J., & Wills, S. (2002). A tool to evaluate the potential for an ICT-based learning design to foster, high-quality learning. https://ro.uow.edu.au/edupapers/125/
Iversen، H. (2004). Risk-taking attitudes and risky driving behaviour. Transportation Research Part F: Traffic Psychology and Behaviour, 7(3), 135-150. DOI: 10.1016/j.trf.2003.11.003
36.Hisrich, R. D. (1988). New business formation through the enterprise development center: a model for new venture creation. IEEE Transactions on Engineering Management, 35(4), 221-231. DOI: 10.1109/17.7444
Scott, D., Bishop, J. W., & Chen, X. (2003). An examination of the relationship of employee involvement with job satisfaction, employee cooperation, and intention to quit in US invested enterprise in China. The international journal of organizational analysis, 11(1), 3-19.
_||_