The role of the environmental constraints on physical-spatial development of city and their effects on the surrounding villages (Case study: Javanroud city)

Subject Areas : Regional Planning

Sadegh Asghari Lafmejani ¹ , Yaser Nazari ² , Zahra Sargazi ³

1 - استادیار گروه جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران
2 - دانشجوی کارشناسی‌ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه‌ریزی روستایی، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران
3 - کارشناس ارشد جغرافیا و برنامه ریزی شهری، دانشگاه زابل، زابل، ایران

Received: 2014-08-25 Accepted : 2016-08-16 Published : 2016-07-22

Keywords: : Environmental constraint of city, Surrounding villages, Topsis-Victor integrated model, Javanroud,

Abstract :

Human and physical constraintsof physical-spatial development of cities precede the rapid movement toward surrounding villages of urban areas that this issue is specifically tangible in mountainous urban and rural areas of the west and western-north parts of Iran. In this geographical region, Javanroud city in Kermanshah province is one of those which imposed great pressure on its surrounding villages to it. So, the purpose of present study is considering the type and amount of environmental constrainteffects of Javanroud city on its surrounding villages. This research is an applied research and research methodology is descriptive-analytic. In this study, environmental constrainteffects of city have been investigated on the villages that are located at the distance of 5 km from the study city. Statistical population is households in 6 villages surrounding the city and the number of 261 family heads as the sample size has been determined by Cochran formula. In order to gather information, laboratory-documentary and field studies (observation, questionnaire, and interview) are applied. After gathering necessary information, by presenting an overall and comprehensive picture about the changes and variations of rural lands’ applications, the analysis of present condition, comparison of these changes, growth ratings and rural development were done based on Topsis-Victor integrated model. Research results show that Sheikh-alkaram village according to the calculated values (R = 0.009, S = 0.025 and Q = 0) has almost no effect because of the unsuitable road and inappropriate position. While Safiabad village (with R = 0.917, S = 1.837 and Q = 1) has the greatest influence and other surrounding villages in the study area are placed in the intermediate level. In this regard, population and workforce of Javanroud city due to the reasons such as: short distance to city , low price of lands and housing to the city, ease of access and use of urban services are inhabited in surrounding villages that leads to metamorphism. In this way, villages, as urban part, are playing the role as dormitories for Javanrood city by losting their traditional nature

References:

1. Afrakhteh, Hasan, Hajipour, Mohammad, (2014): urban sprawl and its impacts on rural areas sustainable development (Case study: peripheral villages of Birjand), Geography Quarterly, volume 11, No. 39, pp. 159-186. [In Persian with English Summary]


2. Bathrellos, G.D., Gaki-Papanastassiou, K., Skilodimou, H.D., Papanastassiou, D. & Chousianitis, K. G., (2012): Potential suitability for urban planning and industry development using natural hazard maps and geological–geomorphological Parameters, Environ Earth Sci, Vol.66, PP.537–548.


3. Bullard, R.D., (2003): Atlanda mega sprawl. Foram for Applied Research and Public Policy, Vol.14, PP. 17-23.


4. Clayton, B.D., Dent, D. & Dubois, A. (2003): Rural Planning in Developing Countries, Earthscan Publication Ltd London.


5. Esfandiary, Fariba, Jeddi, Soghra, Mahbub, Reyhan, (2013): studying the human and natural obstacles for skeletal-physical development of the cities by using GIS (Case study: Germi Township), Geography and territorial spatial arrangement, volume 3, No. 6, pp. 85-96. [In Persian with English Summary]

1. Ferdowsi, Bahram, (2005): the feasibility and application of decision support systems in the physical development of the city (Case Study: Sanandaj city), master thesis in geography and urban planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran. [In Persian]

7. Ghadermarzi, Hamed, (2004): the role of rural towns in developing villages around them (Case Study: rural town of Dehgolan), master thesis in geography and rural planning, Faculty of Humanities, Tarbiat Modarres University, Tehran. [In Persian]


8. Gumus, A.T., (2009): Evaluation of hazardous waste transportation firms by Using a Step fuzzy- AHP and TOPSIS methodology, Expert Systems Applications Journal, Vol.36, PP. 4067-4074


9. Hartke, W. (1956): Die Socialbrakhe ALS Phaenomen der Geograpischen Differenzierurng der Land Wirtschabt, In: Erdkunde 10, Vol.5, PP. 257-269.


10. Hosseinzadeh Dalir, Karim, Houshyar, Hasan, (2006):  the effective elements and viewpoints on the physical development of cities in Iran, Journal of Geography and regional development, No. 6, pp. 213-226. [In Persian]


11. Liu, Y.G., Zing, X.X., Xu, L., Tian, D.L., Zeng, G.M., Hu, X. J. & Tang, Y.F. (2011): Impacts of land-use change on ecosystem service value in Changsha, China, J. Cent. South Univ. Technol. Vol.18, PP.420−428.


12. Moinafshar, Marzieh, Miri, Gholamreza, Karimiyan Bostani, Maryam, Nikbakht, Reza, (2014): Regional development assessment of the performance of small towns in the surrounding villages by using AHP application in GIS (Case Study: Bonjar City of Zabol County), Regional Planning Quarterly, Issue 13, pp. 75-86. [In Persian]


13. Moin, Mohammad, (2009): Persian Dictionary, Volume II, Amir Kabir Publications. [In Persian]


14. Nazari, Abdulhamid, (1998): Evaluation of rural settlements physical development with an emphasis on population growth and land use changes, Geographical Research Quarterly, Issue 49, pp. 225- 249. [In Persian]


15. Nazarian, Asghar, (1988): the evolution of the relationship between urban and village in Iran, Proceedings of the Seminar in Geography, NO. 1, Islamic Research Foundation, Mashhad. [In Persian]


16. Rajaei, Abdulhamid, (2008): geomorphology applications in spatial planning and environmental management, Ghomes Publications, Tehran. [In Persian]


17. Ranjbar, Mohsen, (2010): features capabilities and limitations geomorphology effective in Khalkhal Township development, Geography Quarterly, Volume4, No.13, pp.13-40. [In Persian]


18. Rezaei Moghaddam, Mohammad Hossein, Saghafi, Mahdi, Shafiei, Ebrahim, Abbaszadeh, Karim, (2010): extraction and classification of morphological limitations of urban development using DEM and GIS (Case Study: Ahar City), Geographic Space Quarterly, Volume 10, No. 29, pp.165-179. [In Persian]


19. Rezvani, Ali Asghar, (2003): the relationship between urban and rural areas (urban and regional studies), Makan Publications, Tehran. [In Persian]


20. Servati, Mohammad Reza, Khezri, Saeed, Rahmani, Tofigh, (2009): natural restrictions evaluation of the physical development of Sanandaj City, Physical geography research Quarterly, No. 69, pp.13-29. [In Persian]


21. Statistical Center of Iran, (2011): detailed results of the general census of population and housing in Javanroud County. [In Persian]


22. Statistical Center of Iran, (1996): detailed results of the general census of population and housing in Javanroud County. [In Persian]


23. Yuji, H., Kazuhiko, T. & Satoru, O., (2005): Urbanization Linked with Past Agricultural Landuse Patterns in the Urban Fringe of a Deltaic Asian Mega-city: a Case study in Bangkok, Landscape and Urban Planning, N. 73, PP.16-28.


24. Zaheri, Mohammad, (2008): the rate of frame development and extension of Tabriz and its role on changes in using the lands of impact area villages and suburbs (The case study: Alvare-Sofla, Bagh-e-Maroof, Shadabad-Mashayekh and Kondrood villages), Gegraphy and Development Quarterly, Volume 6, No. 11, pp. 181-198. [In Persian]


25. Zia Tavana, Mohammad Hasan, Ghadermazi, Hamed, (2009): land use changes of feri-urban villages in urban sprawl process (Case study: Niasar & Hassnabad villages of Sanandaj), Human Geography Research Quarterly, No. 68, pp. 119-135. [In Persian]


26. Zomorrodian, Mohammad Jafar, (2007): the natural geographical applications in urban and rural planning, SAMT organization Publications, Third Edition, Tehran. [In Persian]