Determining of chlorate resistant nit mutant's phenotypes and their frequency in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami, the causal agent of sesame yellows and wilt oures rotting in sesame, in Fars Province

Subject Areas : Agroecology Journal

Seddigeh Mohammadi ¹ , saeed rezaei ² , mohammad razavi ³ , rasul zare ⁴ , hamidreza zamanizadeh ⁵

1 - Ph.D Student Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,respectively
2 - Assistant Professor Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,respectively
3 - Assistant Professor,Department of Plant Pathology, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran.
4 - Professor of Department of Botany, Iranian Research Institute of Plant Protection, Tehran, Iran.
5 - Associate Professor Plant Pathology, Department of Plant Pathology, College of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Science and Research Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran,respectively

Received: 2009-06-13 Accepted : 2010-09-02 Published : 2011-01-21

Keywords: Nit mutants resistant to chlorate, Vegetative compatibility groups,

Abstract :

In order to identification of chlorate resistant Fusarium oxysporum f. sp.sesami nit mutant´s phenotypes and studing their frequency, pathogens were isolated from sesame plants during 2005 and 2006 major sesame growing area in Fars province, such as Darab, Fasa, Noorabad, Kazeroon, Neiriz, Estahbab and Zarghan. In this study, 32 isolates of  this pathogen with maximum genetic diversity based on geographic origin were selected for pathogenecity test. Sectors and nitrate non-utilizing (nit) mutants of isolates produced on MMC and PDC media.  Frequency of nit mutants on MMC was 264 or 79.5 percent of 356 sectors and on PDC was 330 or 74.16 percent of 415 sectors. Other mutants were Crn mutants that showed minimum wild type growth on Medium containing. Phenotypic classes of chlorate resistante mutants were determined by types of growth on basal medium nitrogen sources such as sodium nitrite, sodium nitrate and hypoxanthine. Mutants were grouped in three phenotypic classes: nit1, nit3 and nitM. The frequency of nit1 in PDC was more than MMC,but frequency of nit3 and vise versa frequency of nitM on MMC was more than PDC. On PDC, 63.94 percent of mutants were nit1 but on MMC, 37.12 and 14.4 percent of mutants were nit3 and nitM, respectively.

References:

Abdou E, Abd-Ala HM, Galal AA (2001) Survey of sesame root rot/wilt disease in Minia and their possible control by ascorbic and salicylic acids (abstr). Journal of Agricultural  Science 32: 135-152.

Banihashemi Z (1968) The biology and ecology of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis in soil and root zones of host and nonhost plants. Ph.D. Thesis, Michigan State University. 114 pp.

Banihashemi Z (1981) Fusarium wilt of sesame in Iran. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 17: 75-79. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Basirnia T, Banihashemi Z (2005) Vegetative compatibility grouping in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. sesami, the causal agent of sesame yellows and wilt in Fars province. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 41:117-123. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Castellani E (1950) L vizzimento del sesamo. Olearia 4:20-31 (Review of Applied Mycology 30: 78-95).

Correl JC, Kittich CJR, Leslile JF (1987) Nitrate nonutilizing mutants of Fusarium oxysporum and their use in vegatative tests. Phytopathology 77: 1640-1646.

Cove DJ (1976) Chlorate toxicity in Aspergillus nidulans: the selection and characterization of chlorate resistant mutant. Heredity 36: 191-203.

Hillocks RJ,  Woller JM (1997) Soilborn diseases of tropical crops. CAB. International. 452 pp.

Kistler HC (1997) Genetic diversity in the plant – pathogenic fungus, Fusarium oxysporum. Phytopathology 87: 474 - 479.

Katan T, Katan J (1999) Vegetative compatibility grouping in Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. radicis- lycopersici from the UK, the Netherland, Belgium and France. Plant Pathology 48:541-594.

Klittich CJR, Leslie JF (1988) Nitrate reduction mutants of Fusarium moniliforme (Gibberella fujikuroi). Genetics 118: 417-423.

Lori G, Edel-Herman V, Gautheron N, Alabouvette C (2004) Genetic diversity of pathogenic and nonpathogenic populations of Fusarium oxysporum isolated from carnation field in Argenyina. Phytopathology 94: 661-668.

Nelson PE, Toussoum TA, Marasas WFO (1983) Fusarium spesies, a manual for identification. The Pennsylvania State University Press, 193 pp.

Pasquali M, Dematheis F, Gilardi G, Gallino ML, Garibaldi A (2005) Vegetative compatibility groups of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. lactucae from lettuce. Plant Disease 89: 237-240.

Puhalla JE (1985) Classification of strains of Fusarium oxysporum on the basis of vegetative compatibility. Canadian Journal of  Botany 63: 179-183.

Sarpeleh A, Banihashemi Z (2000) Vegetative compatibility groups within races of Fusarium oxysporum f. sp. melonis in Iran and Fusarium oxysporum isolates from weeds in Maharloo region, Fars province. Iranian Journal of Plant Pathology 36:31-46. [In Persian with English Abstract].

Vakalounakis DJ, Fragkiadakis GA (1999) Genetic diversity of Fusarium oxysporum isolates from cucumber: differentiation by pathogenicity, vegetative compatibility and RAPD fingerprinting. Phytopathology 89: 161-168.