Health-oriented approaches in urban planning: a systematic review of theoretical literature with an emphasis on urban health models

Subject Areas :

Helia Sareminia ¹ , Fatemeh Mohammadniay Gharaei ² , sanaz Saeidi mofrad ³ , Sulmaz Ghahramani ⁴

1 - Department of urbanism, Mashhad Branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
2 - Department of Urbanism, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran.
3 - گروه شهرسازی، واحد مشهد، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، مشهد، ایران
4 - Department of Urbanism, Mashhad branch, Islamic Azad University, Mashhad, Iran

Received: 2024-06-05 Published : 2024-06-05

Keywords: Health, urban health, health-oriented approaches, urban health models,

Abstract :

With the growing trend of urbanization, urban issues have become more complex, but cities respond to the needs of their residents. The needs that have overshadowed different dimensions of human life with the advancement of technology and the change in the lifestyle of citizens. Today, modern societies refer to the dimensions of health and its relationship with the physical criteria of the urban environment. For this reason, in recent years, researchers have sought to find the connection between the city and health, among which studies that provide comprehensive health-oriented approaches in urban planning are very limited. In line with the stated gaps, the aim of this research is to analyze health-oriented approaches in the existing theoretical literature of urban planning through leading questions: How have theoretical models evolved in the last few decades? What are the basic principles of these models? And what are the health-oriented approaches in urban development? To the best of our knowledge, this article is one of the limited comprehensive reviews to assess the relationship between cities and health with an emphasis on urban health models. Through a systematic review, we first collected health definitions and then urban health models. A framework based on health models is proposed. Basic textual data, which includes scientific-research articles, conferences, books, documents, and documents, has been purposefully collected from databases until 2023 and analyzed by genealogy analysis method. This article is presented based on theoretical studies in two sections: definitions of health and health-oriented patterns in urban planning. Based on research findings, theoretical approaches can be classified into four main groups. which includes medical, urban, environmental and social approaches. Four approaches to urban health provide a way to categorize and understand the various approaches to current urban health research and practice.

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