Explaining the effectiveness of the components of educational spaces on the behavior pattern of elementary school boys (case study: Shiraz metropolis)

Subject Areas : Life Space Journal

HAKIM SANDAR ¹ , حسام الدین ستوده ² , baqer karimi ³ , عماد یوسفی ⁴

1 - PhD student of Architecture, Islamic Azad University, Qeshm Branch, Iran
2 - گروه معماری دانشگاه ازاد اسلامی واحد قشم ایران
3 - Assistant Professor, Department of Architecture, Bushehr Branch, Islamic Azad University, Bushehr, Iran
4 - استادیار گروه روانشناسی، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، قشم، ایران.

Received: 2024-02-29 Accepted : 2025-03-16 Published : 2024-02-20

Keywords: Educational spaces, behavior patterns, primary school students, Shiraz metropolis,

Abstract :

Educational spaces play a crucial role in shaping students' personalities, behaviors, and social interactions. A well-designed learning environment not only influences the learning process but also affects behavioral patterns, emotional regulation, and cognitive development in children. This impact is particularly significant in elementary school years when children are directly influenced by their surroundings. The architecture and design of educational spaces can either reinforce or modify students’ behaviors. This study aims to examine the extent to which educational space design components influence the behavioral patterns of male elementary students in Shiraz Metropolis. The research employs a mixed-methods approach (quantitative and qualitative) using a descriptive-analytical methodology. The statistical population includes teachers and parents of students from four selected schools (Fasayei-Nejad, Sozandeh-Far, Mohammad-Janab, and Dr. Hesabi). In the quantitative phase, 384 parents and 91 teachers were randomly selected using Cochran’s formula, and a questionnaire was distributed among them. In the qualitative phase, expert insights were gathered from interdisciplinary professionals in architecture, psychology, and educational sciences. Quantitative data analysis was conducted using Cronbach’s alpha in SPSS software, ANOVA, LSD post hoc test, and Pearson correlation coefficient. The main research question explores how educational space design influences the behavioral patterns of male elementary students. The findings, based on eight behavioral components (motor skills, hyperactivity, and impulsivity, passivity and inactivity, learning, problem-solving in school, social skills, emotional issues, and obsessive thoughts or behaviors), indicate that hyperactivity and impulsivity (0.674), passivity and inactivity (0.671), and motor skills (0.612) are the most affected by educational space design characteristics. Additionally, schools such as Dr. Hesabi and Mohammad-Janab, with distinct spatial layouts—including courtyard design, separation of individual and social spaces, flexible classroom arrangements, optimized lighting, and ergonomic furniture—demonstrated the highest impact on students’ behavioral components and overall well-being.

References:


 اسکندری تربقان، زهرا. حسینقلی‌زاده، رضوان. کامل‌نیا، حامد. (1398). ارائة چارچوب مفهومی برای طراحی فضای فیزیکی مدرسه‌های ابتدایی برمبنای نظریة یادگیری مشارکتی ویگوتسکی. فصلنامۀ علمی‌پژوهشی-نوآوری‌های آموزشی، دورۀ 18، شمارۀ 4؛ (پیاپی 72)، 52-27.
 اسماعیلی، اعظم. شاهچراغی، آزاده، حبیب، فرح. (1400). تبیین مدل مفهومی تأثیر معماری انعطاف‌پذیر بر رفتار اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان در حیاط و راهرو در مدارس ابتدایی. دوفصلنامۀ علمی‌پژوهشی-اندیشۀ معماری، دورۀ 5، شمارۀ 10، 149-138.
 ترکمان، مژگان. جلالیان، سارا. دژدار. امید. (1398). تبیین نقش عوامل محیطی فضاهای آموزشی در تسهیل یادگیری دانش‌آموزان مقطع ابتدایی، موردهای مطالعاتی: دبستان‌های شهیدبهشتی و علامه طباطبایی همدان. فصلنامۀ علمی‌پژوهشی-معماری و شهرسازی آرمان‌شهر، دورۀ 12، شمارۀ 27، 53-43.
 دبدبه، محمد. (1400). طراحی براساس ادراک و رفتارانسانی، چاپ‌اول، تهران: انتشارات طحان‌گستر.
 رسولی، هوشنگ. (1402). شیراز شهری که بود!!. چاپ‌اول، تهران: انتشارات پشوتن.
 عباسی، حدیقه. محمدی‌نائینی، مژگان، ناطقی، فائزه. (1402). تبیین مؤلفه‌های اثربخشی مدارس دورۀ ابتدایی براساس سندتحول بنیادین آموزش‌وپرورش. فصلنامۀ علمی‌پژوهشی-رهبری و مدیریت آموزشی، دورۀ 17، شمارۀ 1، 247-214.
 عبدالخالقی، حسین. حمزه‌نژاد، مهدی. فیضی، محسن. (1403). الگوی کالبدی مدارس براساس سندتحول بنیادین (سازگارسازی الگوهای کالبدی نایر با سندتحول بنیادی). نشریۀ علمی‌پژوهشی-باغ‌نظر، دورۀ 21، شمارۀ 136، 20-5.
 نصر، طاهره. طبیب‌زاده، کیمیاالسادات. (1401). نقش مؤلفه‌های عملکردی معماری فضاهای آموزشی در اضطراب اجتماعی دانش‌آموزان (موردپژوهی: دبیرستان‌های دخترانه شیراز). دوفصلنامۀ علمی‌پژوهشی-معماری و شهرسازی پایدار، دورۀ 10، شمارۀ 2، 72-52.
 Abbas, Sarah. Okdeh, Nathalie. Roufayel, Rabih. Kovacic, Hervé. Sabatier, Jean-Marc. Fajloun, Ziad. Khattar, Ziad Abi. (2024). Neuroarchitecture: How The Perception Of Our Surroundings Impacts The Brain, Journal Of Biology, 13(4): 1-15.
 Akintunde, Elijah. (2017). Theories And Concepts For Human Behavior In Environmental Preservation. Journal Of Environmental Science And Public Health, 1(2): 120-133.
 Bernardo, Fátima. Palma-Oliveira, José. (2013). Place Identity, Place Attachment And The Scale Of Place: The Impact Of Place Salience. PsyEcology: Bilingual Journal Of Environmental Psychology, 4(2): 167-193.
 El-Sabagh, Hassan A. (2021). Adaptive E-learning Environment Based On Learning Styles And Its Impact On Development Students' Engagement, International Journal Of Educational Technology In Higher Education, 18(53): 1-24.
 Hamdy Mahmoud, Heba-Talla. (2017). Interior Architectural Elements That Affect Human Psychology And Behavior, International Journal Of The Academic Research Community Publication, 1(1): 1-10.
 José Sousa, Maria. Rocha, Álvaro. (2019). Skills For Disruptive Digital Business, Journal Of Business Research, 94(1): 257-263.
 Karol, Elizabeth. Smith, Dianne. (2018). Impact Of Design On Emotional, Psychological, Or Social Well-Being For People With Cognitive Impairment, HERD Health Environments Research & Design Journal, 12(3): 220-232.
 Raipat, Vaidehi. (2020). Human Behaviour Induced By Spatial Order, In Book: Interpersonal Relationships Publisher: Intechopen.
 Rasoulpour, Hazhir. Etessam, Iraj. Tahmasebi, Arsalan. (2019). Inves Tigation Of The Effect Of Urban Public Spaces On Human Behavior (Case Study: Vali Asr s.t In Tehran). International Journal Of Architecture And Urban Development, 9(2): 15-22.
 Syam, Niladri. Sharma, Arun. (2018). Waiting For A Sales Renaissance In The Fourth Industrial Revolution: Machine Learning And Artificial Intelligence In Sales Research And Practice, Journal of Elsevier Industrial Marketing Management, 69(1): 135-146.
 Wan Woo, Chang. Whitfield, Toni S. Britt, Lori L. Ball, Timothy C. (2022). Students’ Perception Of The Classroom Environment: A Comparison Between Innovative And Traditional Classrooms, Journal Of the Scholarship Of Teaching And Learning, 22(1): 17-31.