Effect of Water Soluble Polysaccharide Extract of the Algae, Padina australis Hauck, on the Activity of Digestive Enzymes and Biochemical Parameters of White-leg Shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei
Subject Areas :
Journal of Animal Biology
P.
Akbary
1
(Department of Fisheries, Faculty of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, Chabahar, Iran)
Z.
Aminikhoei
2
(Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Iranian Fisheries Scientific Research Institute (IFSRI), Offshore Research Center, Chabahar, Iran)
Received: 2019-04-03
Accepted : 2019-08-15
Published : 2019-09-21
Keywords:
Biochemical parameters,
Litopenaeus vannamei,
Digestive enzymes,
Polysaccharide extract,
Padina australis,
Abstract :
In the present study, the water soluble polysaccharide extract of Padina australis (PPE) was added in concentrations of 0, 0.5, 1 and 1.5 g/kg to the diet of white leg shrimps (Litopenaeus vannamei) with average weight of 1±0.1 g to assess its ability to improve the activity of digestive enzymes and the biochemical parameters. Following feeding on these diets for 60 days, the highest activity of lipase and protease was shown in treatment containing 1.5 g PPE/kg diet (p < 0.05). The levels of albumin and total protein were higher in treatments containing various levels of PPE compared to the control treatment (p < 0.05). The lowest levels of GLU, TRI, CHO, ASP.ALT and ALP were observed in the treatment containing 1.5 g PPE/kg diet indicating significant difference with other treatments (p < 0.05). The results demonstrated that inclusion of 1.5 g/kg diet of PPE in commercial feeds might enhance the digestion function, liver health and nonspecific immunity system of L. vannamei.
References:
Akbary P., Aminikhoei Z., 2018. Effect of polysaccharides extracts of algae Ulva rigida on growth, antioxidant, immune response and resistance of shrimp, Litopenaeus vannamei against Photobacterium damselae. Aquaculture Research, 49: 2503-25101
Akbary P., Shahraki N., 2016. Effect of Padina atraulis extract on growth, feed, fatty acids profile and carcass composition in Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758. Iranian Scientific Fisheries Journal, 25(2): 160-170.
Akrami R., Razeghi-Mansour M., Ghobadi Sh., Ahmadifar E., Shaker-Khoshroudi M., Moghimi-Haji M.S., 2013. Effect of prebiotic mannan oligosaccharide on hematological and blood serum biochemical parameters of cultured juvenile great sturgeon (Huso huso Linnaeus,1754). Journal of Applied Ichthyology, 29(6): 1-5.
Atashrazm F., Lowenthal R.M., Woods G.M., Holloway A.F., Dickinson J.L., 2015. Fucoidan and cancer: a multifunctional molecule with anti-tumor potential. Marine Drugs, 13: 2327-2346.
Atli G., Canli M., 2010. Response of antioxidante systemof freshwater fish Oreochromis niloticus to acute and chronic metal (Cd, Cu, Cr, Zn, Fe) exposures. Ecotoxicology and Environmental Safety, 73: 1884-1889.
Andrews S.R., Sahu N.P., Pal A.K., Kumar S., 2009. Haematological modulation and growth of Labeo rohita fingerlings: effect of dietary mannan oligosaccharide, yeast extract, protein hydrolysate and chlorella. Aquaculture Research, 41:61-69.
Bahram-Beigi M., 2013. Study of using synbiotic Lactobacillus plantarum probiotic and xylo oligosaccharides prebiotic on growth indices, digestive enzymes activity, immune responses and environmental shocks in rainbow trout (Oncorhynchus mykiss). Thesis of Master of Science, Urmia University, 107 pp (In Persian).
Bairagi A., Sarkar-Ghosh K., Sen S.K., Ray A.K., 2002. Enzyme producing bacterial flora isolated from fish digestive tracts. Aquaculture, 10:109-121.
Briggs M., Smith S.F., Subasinghe R., Phillips M., 2004. Introduction and movement of Penaeus vannamei and Penaeus stylirostris in Asia and Pacific. Food and agriculture organization of the United Nations regional office for Asia and Pacific, Bangkok, 79 pp.
Choi Y.H., Lee B.J., Nam T.J., 2015. Effect of dietary inclusion of Pyropia yezoensis extracts on biochemical and immune responses of olive flounder Paralichthys olivaceus Aquaculture, 435: 347-353.
Debashi F., 2017. Effect of red seaweed, Jania adhaerens extract on the growth performance, feed utilization, body composition and digestive enzymatic activities of grey mullet Mugil cephalus. M.Sc thesis. Marine Sciences Department, Chabahar Maritime University. 60 pp. (In Persian)
Deville C., Damas J., Forget P., Dandrifosse G., Peulen O., 2004. Laminarin in the dietary fiber concept. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture, 84: 1030-1038.
Esiobu N., Armenta L., Ike J., 2002. Antibiotic resistance in soil and water environments. International Journal of Environmental Health Research, 12: 133-144.
Furne M., Hidalgo M.C., López A., García-Gallego M., Morales A.E., Domenzain A., Domezain J., Sanz A., 2005. Digestive enzyme activities in Adriatic sturgeon Acipenser naccarii and rainbow trout Oncorhynchus mykiss. A comparative study. Aquaculture, 250(1-2): 391-398.
Graham L.E., Wilcox, L.W., 2000. Algae. Prentice-Hall, New Jersey, 76 pp.
Hidalgo M.C., Urea A., Sanz A., 1999. Comparative study of digestive enzymes in fish with different nutritional habits. Proteolytic and amylase activities. Aquaculture, 170: 267-283.
Khalafalla M.M., El-Hais A.M.A., 2015. Evaluation of seaweeds Ulva rigida and Pterocladia capillaceaas dietary supplements in Nile Tilapia Fingerlings. Journal of Aquaculture Research and Development, 6(3): 1-5.
Kim K.J., Lee B.Y., 2012. Fucoidan from the sporophyll of Undaria pinnatifida suppresses adipocyte differentiation by inhibition of inflammation-related cytokines in 3T3-L1 cells. Nutrition Research, 32: 439-447.
King J., 1972. Practical clinical enzymology. 2nd ed, London:the University of Michigan press;. P. 250-286.
Kuda T., Yano T., Matsuda N., Nishizawa M., 2005. Inhibitory effects of laminaran and low molecular alginate against the cells accompanied by activation of caspase-3 and down-regulation of ERK pathways. American Journal of Hematology, 78: 7-14.
Kumar P N J., Jyothsana S., Reddy M.H., Sreevani S., 2013. Effect of Bacillus subtilis and Lactobacillus rhamnosus incorporated probiotic diet on growth pattern and enzymes in Penaeus vannamei. International journal of Life Science and Pharma Research, 3(4): 6-11.
Li D.Y., Xu Z., Huang L.M., Wang H.B., Zhang S.H., 2001. Effect of fucoidan of L. japonicaon rats with hyperlipidaemia. Food Science, 22: 92-95.
Lopez-Vasquez K., Castro-Perez C. A., Val A.L., 2009. Digestive enzymes of eight Amazonian teleosts with different feeding habits. Journal of Fish Biology, 74: 1620-1628.
Lynch M.B., Sweeney T., Callan J. J., O’Sullivan J.T., O’Doherty J.V., 2010. The effect of dietary Laminaria derived laminarin and fucoidan on intestinal microflora and volatile fatty acid concentration in pigs. Livestock Science, 133: 157e160
Madibana M.J., Mlambo V., Lewis B., Fouché C., 2017. Effect of graded levels of dietary seaweed (Ulvasp.) on grow hematological and serum biochemical parameters in dusky Argyrosomus japonicus, sciaenidae. Egyptian Journal of Aquatic Research, 107: 1-5.
Mollazaei E., 2017. Effect of different levels of dietary supplementation of Ulva rigida extract on growth performance, body chemical compositions and digestive enzymes in grey mullet, Mugil cephalus Linnaeus 1758. M.Sc Thesis of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, 60 pp. (In Persian).
Morshedi V., Nafisi-Bahabadi M., Sotoudeh E., Azodi M., Hafezieh M., 2017. Nutritional evaluation of Gracilaria pulvinata as partial substitute with fish meal in practical diets of barramundi (Lates calcarifer). Journal of Applied Phycology, 2: 1-11.
Natalia Y., Hashim R., Ali A., Chong A., 2004. Characterization of digestive enzymes in a carnivorous ornamental fish, the Asian bony tongue Scleropages formosus (Osteoglossidae). Aquaculture, 233(1-4): 305.320.
Neyrinck A.M., Mouson A., Delzenne N.M., 2007. Dietary supplementation with laminarin, a fermentable marineb (1e3) glucan, protects against hepatotoxicity induced by LPS in rat bymodulating immune response in the hepatic tissue. International Immunopharmacology, 7: 1497-1506.
Panlasigui L.N., Baello O.Q., Dimatangal J.M., Dumelod B.D., 2003. Blood cholesterol and lipidlowering effects of carrageenan on human volunteers. Asia Pacific Journal of Clinical Nutrition, 12: 209-214.
Park M.K., Jung U., Roh C., 2011. Fucoidan from marine brown algae inhibits lipid accumulation. Marine Drugs. Electronic Resource, 9: 1359-1367.
Peixoto M.J., SvendsenJ.C., Malte H., Pereira L.F., Carvalho P., Pereira R., Rifai N., Bachorik P.S., Albers J.J., 1999. Lipids, lipoproteins and apolipoproteins. In: Burtis CA, Ashwood ER, editors. Tietz Textbook of Clinical Chemistry. 3rd ed. Philadelphia: W. B. Saunders Company, 809 pp.
Pomin V.H., 2011. Structure and use of algal sulfated fucans and galactans. In: Kim S-K (ed) Handbook of marine macroalgae: biotechnology and applied phycology. Wiley, Chichister, pp: 229-261.
Ragaza J.A., Koshio S., Mamauag R.E., Ishikawa M., Yokoyama S., Villamor S.S., 2015. Dietary supplemental effects of red seaweed Eucheuma denticulatumon growth performance, carcass composition and blood chemistry of juvenile Japanese flounder, Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture Research, 46: 647-657.
Reilly P., Sweeney T., Pierce K.M., Callan J.J., Julka A., O’Doherty J.V., 2008. The effect of seaweed extracts inclusion ongut health and immune status of the weaned pig. Animal, 2: 1465-1473.
Shahraki N., 2016. Effect of Padina astraulis Hauck extract on growth, carcass chemical composition, fatty acids and some of liver parameters in grey mullet (Mugil cephalus Linnaeus, 1758) larvae. M.Sc Thesis of Marine Sciences, Chabahar Maritime University, 60 pp. (In Persian).
Sunde J., Taranger G., Rungruangsak-Torrissen K., 2001. Digestive protease activities and free amino acids in white muscle as indicators for feed conversion efficiency and growth rate in Atlantic salmon (Salmo salar L.). Fish Physiology and Biochemistry, 25: 335-345.
Synytsya A., Čopíková J., Kim W.J., Park Y.I., 2015. Cell wall polysaccharides of marine algae. In: Kim S-K (ed) Springer handbook of marine biotechnology. Springer, Berlin, pp: 543-590.
Tabarsa M., Rezaei M, Ramezanpour Z., Waaland J.R., 2012. Chemical compositions of the marine algae Gracilaria salicornia (Rhodophyta) and Ulva lactuca (Chlorophyta) as a potential food source. Journal of Science Food Agriculture, 92: 2500-2506.
Talpur A.D., 2014. Mentha piperita (Peppermint) as feed additive enhanced growth performance, survival, immune response and disease resistance of Asian seabass,Lates calcarifer (Bloch) against Vibrio Harvey infection. Aquaculture, 420-421: 71-78.
Thomas L., 1998. Clinical Laboratory Diagnostics. 1st ed. Frankfurt: TH-Books Verlagsgesellschaft, 652 pp.
Ueberschar B., 1995. The use of tryptic enzyme activity measurement as a nutritional condition index: laboratory calibration data and field application. ICES Marine Science Symposium, 201: 119-129.
Wang Y., Xu Z., Bach S., Mac Allister T., 2009. Sensitivity of Escherichia colito seaweed (Ascophyllum nodosum) phlorotannins and terrestrial tannins. Asian-Australian Journal of Animal Science, 22: 238-245.
Xue C.H., Fang Y., Lin H., Chen L., Li Z.J., Deng D., Lu C.X., 2001. Chemical characters and antioxidative properties of sulfated polysaccharides from Laminaria japonica. Journal of Applied Phycology, 13(1): 67-70.
Ye J.D., Wang K., Li F.D., Sun Y.Z., 2011. Single or combined effects of fructo- and mannan oligosaccharide supplements and Bacillus clausiion the growth, feed utilization, body composition, digestive enzyme activity, innate immune response and lipid metabolism of the Japanese flounder Paralichthys olivaceus. Aquaculture Nutrition, 17: 902-911.
_||_
