Comparing effect of different nitrogen recourses on maize eco-morphologic characteristics under drought stress
Subject Areas : New Finding in AgricultureM. Kavand 1 , H. Madani 2 , A. Dadian 3
1 - M. Sc. in Agronomy, Agriculture-Jahad Organization of
Markazi Province, Arak, Iran
2 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Arak Branch, Islamic Azad University, Arak, Iran
3 - Department of Agronomy and Plant Breeding, Farahan Branch, Islamic Azad University, Farahan, Iran
Keywords: Drought stress, yield, Chemical Fertilizer, Forage corn, Biologic fertilizer,
Abstract :
In order to study of effects chemical and biologic fertilizers and their interaction on physiological characteristics, yield and yield component corn forage under drought stress. An experiment was conducted in 2011 growing season at personal farm. An experiment was conducted split factorial based on randomized complete design with three replications. Sub factors experiment include nitrogen fertilizer was three levels zero , 125 , and 250 kg urea fertilizer in four stage from leaves six until after the stage pollination and three levels biologic fertilizers nitroxin include zero ,0 /5 and 1 lit per each 25 kg seed was the seed inoculation . Main factor include drought stress with tow stage irrigation 7 days (non-stress) and irrigation 10 days (drought stress) were in main plot. Traits measurement were according to ear height, ear diameter, ear length, row number in ear, kernel number in row, kernel number in ear and forage yield. Results showed employ urea and nitroxin on yield was better than none treated. Also complete irrigation than the drought stress was significant on yield. Highest and lowest yield forage obtained respectively in treatment integrated 125 kg urea fertilizer, 1 lit nitroxin in complete irrigation the mean 110/9 t/ha and in treatment none use of urea and nitroxin and drought stress the mean 59/1 t/ha. In general treatment integrated 125 kg urea fertilizer and 1 lit nitroxin in complete irrigation was better than other treatment.
1- Amijee, F., Tinker, P. B. and Stribley, D. B.1989. The development of endomycorrhizal root system. New Phytol, 111:435-446.
2- Bismillah, kahn, M., Hussain, N. and Iabal, M. 2001. Effects of water stress on growth and yield components of maize variety YHs 202. Journal of Research (science), Bahauddin Zakaria University, Multan, Pakistan, 12: 15-18.
3- concentration and uptake of nitrogen, phosphorus and potassium in wheat. Proceedings of the Tenth ongress of Iran soil, Karaj. 55-57.
4- Dehshiry, E. W. M., Ahmady, R. and WZ, Sarvestany, A. 2001. Maize cultivars response to water stress. Journal of Iranian Agricultural Sciences: 32 (3): 649-659.
5- Denise Mc, W. 2002. Drought Strategies for Corn and Grain Sorghum. Agronmy Jornal .51 :725 – 726
6- Drimba, P., Nagy, J. and Sam, O. 2000. Evaluation of plant density and yield interaction in maize production considering risk. Cereals research to communications, 28: 3, 315-321.
7- Edmeades, G. O. 1984. Characterization of environmental stress and development of selection techniques. U.S. University/CIMMYT .Maize Workshop, Elbatan .Mexico. 12 – 14.
8- Emamy, Y. WGH. Rangbar. 1991-2000. plant intensity and growth stage on yield, yield components and water use efficiency in corn. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences, Volume II, No. 3, pp. 51-62.
9- Gafary, E. R., Chogan, F., Paknejad. W. and Purmeidany, E. 2007. Study selection indicates for drought tolerance in some hybrids of maize. Iranian Journal of Crop Sciences: 9 (3) : 200-212.
10- Gahan, M., Kochaky, E., Ghorbany, R., Regaly, F., Aryaee, M. and Ebrahimy, W. A. 2009. Application of biological fertilizers on some agronomic characteristics of corn in conventional ecological and agroecological. Journal of Researchs Iran agronomy, No. 2, 7: 375-390.
11- Ghasemy pirbaloty, E., Akbary, GH., Nasiry Mahalaty, M. and Sadeghy, H. 2000. Effects of Nitrogen Fertilizer on Maize Growth Allocation of dry matter and growth indicate. Proceedings of the Seventh Congress of agronomy scientific and Plant Breeding, 4-2 September 1381, Seed and Plant Improvement Institute, Iran. Page 586.
12- Hasanudin, H. 2001. The increasing of soil nutrient and yield of corn through Azotobacter inoculation and organic matter on ultimo. Web space and hosting freehomepage.com5 (1): 83 – 89.
13- Hugh, J. E. and Richard, F. 2003. Effect of drought stress on leaf and whole canopy radiation use efficiency and yield of maize. Agronomy Journal 95: 688-696.
14- Kader, M. A., Mian, M. H. and Hoque, M. S. 2002. Effects of azotobacter inoculants on the yield and nitrogen uptake by wheat. Online Journal of Biological Sciences 2(4)250-261.
15- Khage pur, M. 2001. Farming principles. Publications Jahad – Isfahan University of Technology. 412.
16- Malakuty et al., 2005. Supply of corn. Proceedings. Sena Publications Office to order corn forage plants and projects. 12-37.
17- Mesgarbashy, M. 1991. Effect of different amounts of nitrogen fertilizer and irrigation on corn yield. MSc thesis. Tabriz University. 92-95.
18- Mohammadian M. WM. G. Malacoty. 2003. Evaluate the effect of two types of compost on soil chemical and physical properties and corn yield. Proceedings of corn feed. Sena publication, Tehran, pp. 281-290.
19- Osborne, S. L., Shepers, J. S., Fransis, D. D. and Schlemmer M. R. 2002. Use of spectral radiance to in season biomass and grain yield in nitrogen water-stressed corn. Crop Scientific jornal., 42: 165-171.
20- Parsad, K. and Singh, P. 1990. Response of promising rain fed maize (Zea mays L.) Indian J. Agron. 36, 508-510.
21- Reeis sadat, E. 2001. The importance and use of nitrogen fertilizer in corn production. Farmer Magazine. Twenty-third year, No. 264.
22- Rosta, M. G. 2008. Study of frequency and activity of Azospirillum in some soils of Iran. Master’s thesis, Faculty of Agriculture, Tehran University, 201.
23- Saleh rastin, N, 1998. Biofertilizers Journal of Soil and Water Sciences. No. 3, 12: 1-11.
24- Sharify, Z. WGH. Haghnia. 2007. Effect of biofertilizer on yield and yield components of wheat Nitroxin Sabalan. Second National Conference of ecological agriculture. Gorgan. 123.
25- Sharma, A. K. 2003. Biofertilizers for sustainable agriculture. Agrobios, India. 141-144.
26- Subba Rao, N. S. 1988. Biofertilizer in Agriculture, New Delhi. Indian Journal. 42: 295 298.
27- Tahmaseby pur, K., Majidy, E. and Safarpur Haghighy, W. S. H. 2006. Nitroxin effect on the
28- Talebian, M. 1992. Effect of row spacing and plant spacing on the row on the rate and duration of grain filling in three new maize, single crosses. Abstracts of articles of fourteenth Crop Science Congress and Iran plant breeding.
29- Uhart, S. A. and Andrade, F. H. 1995a. Nitrogen deficiency in maize. I. Effects on crop growth, development to dry matter-partitioning, and kernel set. Crop Sci. 35: 1376-1383.
30- Valadabady, E. 1999. Study Ecophysiological effects of drought stress on maize, sorghum and millet. PhD thesis. Islamic Azad University Science and Research Branch of Tehran. 83-86.
31- Valadabady, E. 2001. Effects of drought stress on qualitative quantitative properties of maize. Proceedings of the Seventh International Congress of Plant reform in Iran – Karaj. Pp. 617.
32- Zahir, A. Z., Arshad, M. and Frankenberger, W. F. 2004. Plant growth promoting rhizobacteria: applications and perspectives in agriculture. Pakistan J. Soil Sci.,.81:97-168
