A Review of Pistachio Kernel Composition during Fruit Ripening

Subject Areas : Pistachio

Ahmad Shakerardekani ¹ , Fereshteh Fathi ² , Hamid Alipour ³

1 - Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran
2 - Department of Agriculture, Kar Higher Education Institute, Rafsanjan, Iran
3 - Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Sciences Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), Rafsanjan, Iran

Received: 2022-07-23 Accepted : 2022-10-11 Published : 2022-12-01

Keywords:

References:

Abdolshahi A, Majd MH, Rad JS, Taheri M, Shabani A, Teixeira da Silva JA (2015) Choice of solvent extraction technique affects fatty acid composition of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) oil. Journal of Food Science and Technology. 52(4), 2422-2427.

Alasalvar C, Shahidi F (2008) Tree nuts: Composition, phytochemicals, and health effects: An overview. CRC press, Boca Raton. pp. 15-24.

Alipour  H (2018) Photosynthesis properties and ion homeostasis of different pistachio cultivar seedlings in response to salinity stress. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 5(1), 19-29.

Ardakani AS (2005) The vital role of pistachio processing industries in development of Iran non-oil exports. In IV International Symposium on Pistachios and Almonds, Tehran, Iran 22-25 May.

Bailey HM, Stein HH (2020) Raw and roasted pistachio nuts (Pistacia vera L.) are ‘good’sources of protein based on their digestible indispensable amino acid score as determined in pigs. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 100(10), 3878-3885.

Ballistreri G, Arena E, Fallico B (2009) Influence of ripeness and drying process on the polyphenols and tocopherols of Pistacia vera L. Molecules. 14(11), 4358-4369.

Bulló M, Juanola-Falgarona M, Hernández-Alonso P, Salas-Salvadó J (2015) Nutrition attributes and health effects of pistachio nuts. British Journal of Nutrition. 113, S79-S93.

Chahed T, Hamrouni I, Dhifi W, Msaada K, Kchouk ME, Marzouk B (2006) Lipid evaluation during the development of Pistachio seed from the region of Kairouan (Middle of Tunisia). Journal of Food Lipids. 13(4), 375-389.

Chatrabnous N, Yazdani N, Vahdati K (2018) Determination of nutritional value and oxidative stability of fresh walnut. Journal of Nuts. 9(1), 11-20.

Davarynejad G, Stefanovits-BaNYAI É, Nagy PT (2012) Investigation of antioxidant capacity and some bioactive compounds of iranian pistachio (Pistachio vera L.) cultivars. Notulae Scientia Biologicae. 4(4), 62-66.

D’Evoli L, Lucarini M, Gabrielli P, Aguzzi A, Lombardi-Boccia G (2015) Nutritional value of Italian pistachios from Bronte (Pistacia vera, L.), their nutrients, bioactive compounds and antioxidant activity. Food and Nutrition Sciences. 6(14), 1267-1276.

Dreher ML (2012) Pistachio nuts: composition and potential health benefits. Nutrition Reviews. 70(4), 234-240.

Eslami M, Nasibi F, Manouchehri Kalantari K, Khezri M, Oloumi H (2019) Effect of exogenous application of l-arginine and sodium nitroprusside on fruit abscission and physiological disorders of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) scions. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 6(1), 51-62.

Esmaeili Nadimi A, Ahmadi Z, Falahati-Pour SK, Mohamadi M, Nazari A, Hassanshahi G, Ekramzadeh M (2019) Physicochemical properties and health benefits of pistachio nuts: A comprehensive review. International Journal for Vitamin and Nutrition Research. 90(5-6), 564-574.

Esmaeilpour A, Shakerardekani A (2022) Effect of harvesting time and delay in the hulling process on the aflatoxin content of pistachio nuts. Journal of Food Quality. doi: https://doi.org/10.1155/2022/7831016.

Esmaeilpour A, Shakerardekani A (2018) Effects of early harvest times on nut quality and physiological characteristics of pistachio (Pistacia vera) trees. Fruits. 73(2), 110-117.

FAOSTAT, F. (2022). FAOSTAT statistics database. Rome. Italy 2022.

Heaton JW, Marangoni AG (1996) Chlorophyll degradation in processed foods and senescent plant tissues. Trends in Food Science & Technology. 7(1), 8-15.

Hosseini N, Rezanejad F, Zamani Bahramabadi E (2022) Effects of soil texture, irrigation intervals, and cultivar on some nut qualities and different types of fruit blankness in pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 9(1), 41-53. 

Jahanbani R, Ghaffari SM, Vahdati K, Salami M, Khalesi MR, Sheibani N, Moosavi-Movahedi AA (2018) Kinetics study of protein hydrolysis and inhibition of angiotensin converting enzyme by peptides hydrolysate extracted from walnut. International Journal of Peptide Research and Therapeutics. 24(1), 77-85.

Kader AA, Heintz CM, Labavitch JM, Rae HL (1982) Studies related to the description and evaluation of pistachio nut quality. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 107(5), 812-816.

Kelebek H, Sonmezdag AS, Guclu G, Cengiz N, Uzlasir T, Kadiroglu P, Selli S (2020) Comparison of phenolic profile and some physicochemical properties of Uzun pistachios as influenced by different harvest period. Journal of Food Processing and Preservation. 44(8), e14605.

Kashaninejad M, Tabil LG (2011) Pistachio (Pistacia vera L.). In Postharvest biology and technology of tropical and subtropical fruits . Woodhead Publishing,  Sawston. pp. 218-247e.

Kunter B, Gülsen Y, Ayfer M (1994) Determination of the most suitable harvest time for green color and high kernel quality of pistachio nut (Pistacia vera L.). In I International Symposium on Pistachio. Adana, Turkey. 20-24 October. 

Labavitch JM, Heintz CM, Rae HL, Kader AA (1982) Physiological and compositional changes associated with maturation of "Kerman" pistachio nuts. Journal of the American Society for Horticultural Science. 107(4), 688-692.

Mollaei S, Nazoori F (2019) Impact of pistachio nuts consumption on human health. Pistachio and Health Journal. 2(4), 16-26.

Nazoori F, Kalantari S, Javanshah A, Doraki N, Talaie A (2014) Determination of the best harvest time of pistachio nut based on physiological and biochemical indices. Journal of Crops Improvement. 15(4), 119-135.

Nazoori F, Kalantari S (2016) The effect of harvest time on quality characteristics pistachios fruit during storage at freezing temperatures. Journal of Pistachio Science and Technology. 2(3), 1-17.

Noguera‐Artiaga L, Salvador MD, Fregapane G, Collado‐González J, Wojdyło A, López‐Lluch D, Carbonell‐Barrachina ÁA (2019) Functional and sensory properties of pistachio nuts as affected by cultivar. Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture. 99(15), 6696-6705.

Norozi M, Valizadeh Kaji B, Karimi R, Nikoogoftar Sedghi M (2019) Effects of foliar application of potassium and zinc on pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) fruit yield. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 6(1), 113-123.

Özdemir B, Yeşim O (2015) Vitamin contents of some pistachio cultivars. International Journal of Agricultural and Natural Sciences. 8(1), 01-06.

Panahi B, Khezri M (2011) Effect of harvesting time on nut quality of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) cultivars. Scientia Horticulturae. 129(4), 730-734.

Roozban MR, Mohamadi N and Vahdati K (2005) Fat content and fatty acid composition of four Iranian pistachio varieties grown in Iran. Acta Horticulturae. 726, 573-577.

Satil F, Azcan N, Baser KHC (2003) Fatty acid composition of pistachio nuts in Turkey. Chemistry of Natural Compounds. 39(4), 322-324.

Shakerardekani A, Karim R, Ghazali HM, Chin NL (2015) Oxidative stability of pistachio (Pistacia vera L.) paste and spreads. Journal of the American Oil Chemists' Society. 92(7), 1015-1021.

Shakerardekani A, Mohamadi A (2019) Determination of peeling efficiency, free fatty acid, peroxide value and sensory evaluation of peeled pistachio kernel using hot water. Journal of Nuts. 10(2), 175-185.

Shakerardekani A, Amini Babak H (2021) An evaluation of health effects and nutrient content of pistachios and other tree nuts. Pistachio and Health Journal. 4(1), 51-65.

Sharifkhah M, Bakhshi D, Pourghayoumi M, Abdi S, Hokmabadi H (2020) Effect of pollination time on yield and antioxidant properties of some pistachio cultivars. International Journal of Horticultural Science and Technology. 7(1), 51-58. 

Shekari M, Rezanejad F (2012) Comparison of pigments content, split rate and kernel dry weight of two pistachio cultivars (Pistacia vera L.) during fruit development. Iranian Journal of Biology.  25(2), 295 - 302.

Vahdati K, Sarikhani S, Arab MM, Leslie CA, Dandekar AM, Aletà N, Bielsa B, Gradziel TM, Montesinos Á, Rubio-Cabetas MJ, Sideli GM, Serdar Ü, Akyüz B, Beccaro GL, Donno D, Rovira M, Ferguson L, Akbari M, Sheikhi A, Sestras AF, Kafkas S, Paizila A, Roozban MR, Kaur A, Panta S, Zhang L, Sestras RE, Mehlenbacher S (2021) Advances in rootstock breeding of nut trees: objectives and strategies. Plants. 10 (11), 2234.

Zarei M, Davarynejad G, Abedi B, Kafi M, Biabani A (2014) Changes in physical properties, chemical composition and antioxidant activity of four pistachio cultivars at ten maturity stages. Advances in Environmental Biology. 106-116.