Comparison of the effect of phenanthrene and pyrene on germination, seedling growth and antioxidant enzymes activity on wheat (Triticum aestivum L.)

Subject Areas : Journal of Plant Ecophysiology

Ayyoub  Sobhani ¹ (Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran)
Seyed Yahya  Salehi Lisar ² (Plant science - Natural science- Tabriz university- Tabriz)
Ali  Movafeghi ³ (Department of Plant Sciences, Faculty of Natural Sciences, University of Tabriz, Tabriz, Iran)

Received: 2017-05-15 Accepted : 2018-09-23 Published : 2019-12-22

Keywords: Wheat, Oxidative stress, Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbones, Physiological effects,

Abstract :

The aim of this study was to evaluate the effects of phenanthrene and pyrene as two polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbon on germination, growth and some biochemical indices in bread wheat seedlings. Wheat seedlings were cultivated hydroponically and treated by 50, 100, 150 and 200 µM of phenanthrene and pyrene for 7 days. Activity of the superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX), as well as H2O2, MDA and photosynthetic pigments content, were measured. The results showed that both pollutants reduced germination percentage, so that the lowest germination percentage was phenanthrene (54.44%) at 200 μm. Phenanthrene more than pyrene reduced the content of photosynthetic pigmentation, the lowest percentage of chlorophyll a (51.54%), chlorophyll b (48.25%) and carotenoids (63.42%) were related to phenanthrene treatment (200 μM). Both pollutants significantly increased the content of hydrogen peroxide (7 times) and malondialdehyde (1.5 times). Increasing the concentration of both pollutants resulted in a significant decrease (up to 70%) in the activity of the three APX, POD and SOD enzymes, but only phenanthrene significantly reduced (49.12%) activity of the catalase. These results indicated that induction of oxidative stress is one of the main reasons for lower plant growth rate and other harmful outcomes in PAHs contaminated environments.

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