The Collapse of Aristotle’s Theory of Form Abstraction by Husserl’s Phenomenology
Subject Areas : Epistemological researches
1 - عضو هیأت علمی گروه فلسفه دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی واحد کرج
Keywords: Intention, ousia, form and matter, Abstraction, noema, noesis,
Abstract :
Criticizing Plato’s theory Aristotle brought down the ideas from heaven to earth and explained ideas as an internal content of particular things and then called it primary being or substance which is identical with essence. Then he logically defined ousia so that depicted the logical structure of world. But his critique of Plato forced him to explain the theory of form and matter as two fundamental substances which need each other. Thereby he was forced to develop a theory that would indicate ousia as being abstracted from the particular things. Naturally Aristotle was made to deal with some problems and questions. So he attempted to solve these problems through active and passive reason. However, this article shows that Aristotle’s theory is not provable anymore. Against this theory, Husserl spoke of subjective flow correlates with objects ordered systematically. Here, after explaining Husserl’s view on noema and noesis we come to the conclusion that form and matter are not divided as two separate substances, but they are provided by reflection over intuition and expressed by language. In the end it would be cleared that abstraction is explainable only through phenomenology and thereby we can explain that all scientific and reasonable systems are founded on living world.
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