Inhibitory effect of medicinal plant essential oils on the growth of Penicillium sp. isolated from sweet orange
Subject Areas : Molecular Microbiology
Hamed Shirzadi
1
,
Abdolhossein Abotalebi Jahromi
2
1 - کارشناس ارشد، گروه باغبانی، واحد جهرم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جهرم، ایران
2 - دانشیار گروه باغبانی، واحد جهرم، دانشگاه آزاد اسلامی، جهرم، ایران
Keywords: Medicinal Plants, Essential oils, Thyme, Penicillium sp, Cloves,
Abstract :
Today plant sources as substitutes for chemicals in food and drugs have received increasing attention. The use of essential oils and plant extracts can certainly be a good alternative as antimicrobial effects of some plants oils has proven. This study was aimed to determine the antifungal effects of essential oils of thyme, cumin, savory and cloves in different concentrations on Penicillium fungus. The antifungal effects of the medicinal plant (thyme, cumin, savory and cloves) essential oils at concentrations of 250, 500 and 750 µl /L were investigated by pour plate method in potato dextrose agar medium. Fungal growth zone diameter was measured after 8 days at 25 ºC and data were analyzed by MSTAT-C software. The essential oils of all plants at all concentrations had significant antifungal effects as compared to the control. But it decreased with increasing the experiment time. Clove oil at all concentrations and thyme oil in 500 and 750 µl /L concentration had the highest anti-fungal effects. The result showed that thyme and clove essential oils have high inhibition effects against Penicillium sp.
(Tylenchulus semipenetrans) by leaf extracts of many plants and their effects on plant growth. Afric J
Agric Res. 2010; 5(14): 1876-1880.
2. Mitter R, Bachmanm, H, Poppenberger B, Safa, N, Adam G. Develop application of
yeast-based bioassay for the Mycotox zearlenone. Mycot Res. 2003; 19: 69-72.
3. Thuille N, Fille M, Nagl M. Bactericidal activity of herbal extracts. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2002; 206
(3): 217-221.
4. Ma a i JR. Imp o i g po a q ali of a l G ap c . “Ri a a” i g Thymus
kotschyanus and Carum copitatum essential oils. J Food Safety. 2011; 31(1): 132-139.
5. Ardalan F. Study on the effect of some essential oils on growth inhibitory of Aspergillus flavus.
Golparak. 2010; 9(10): 34-41. [In Persian]
6. Lahoji A, Mirabolfathi M. Effect of Zataria multiflora and Satureja hortensis essential oils, Thymol and
Carvacrol on growth of Fusarium graminearum isolated and Deoxynivalenol
production. Iran J Plant Pathol. 2010; 46(1) 11-13.
7. Hasani A, Jalili Marandi R. Control of botrytis cinera on pear fruit by using plant essential oils. Iran J
Hortical Sci. 2009; 40(1): 127-135. [In Persian]
8. Yahyazadeh M, Omidbeigi R, Zare R, Taheri H. Effect of thyme and sage essential oils on
orange fruit rot reduces, produce by blue mold fungus. 5th Con. Hortic. Sci. 2007; p. 130.
[In Persian]
9. Adiguzell A, Gullucel M, Sengul M, Ogutcu H, Gutcu H, Sahin F, Karaman I. Antimicrobial effect of
Ocimum basilicum (Labiateae) extract. Turk J Boil. 2005; 29: 155-160.
10. Habibian S, Sadeghi H, Rahimi R, Ebrahimi A. The evaluation of antifungal effects of
Althaea officinalis and Syzygium aromaticum aqueous extracts against Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus
spp. isolates. Vet J (Pajouhesh and Sazandegi). 2017; 115: 147-152. [In Persian]
11. Pazira A. Antifungal activity of Thyme essential oil on fungi isolated from Kooi fish. J
Aquacul Dev. 2017; 11(2): 13-22. [In Persian]
12. Sadrnia M. Effects of aqueous extracts and essential oils of Mentha and Satureja on the
Aflatoxin B1 production by Aspergillus flavus. Arak Med Uni J. 2018; 21(130): 63-73. [In Persian]
13. Aboutalebi A, Hassanzadeh Khankahdani H. Application of MSTAT-C software in analysis of
agricultural statistical designs. Publication of Islamic Azad University of Jahrom; 2013.
14. Ham S, Li P. Progress of research in antitumor mechanisms with Chinese medicine. China J Integr
Med. 2009; 15(4): 316-320.
15. Preuss H, Echard B, Enig M, Brook I, Elliott, T. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of herbal essential
oils and Monolaurin for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Mol cell Biochem. 2005; 272(1-2):
29-34.
16. Ruffa M, Ferraro G, Wagner M, Calcagno M, Campos R, Cavallaro L. Cytotoxic effect of
Argentine medicinal plant extracts on human hepato-cellular carcinoma cell line. J Ethnopharmacol.
2002; 79(3): 335-339.
17. Mahboubi M, Feiz Abadi M. Antimicrobial effects of essential oils of thyme, marjoram,
fennel and eucalyptus on the bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella and fungi Aspergillus niger and
Aspergillus flavus. Medicinal Plant. 2009; 2(30): 34-43. [In Persian]
18. Dikbas N, Kotan R. Control of Asprgilus flavus with essential oil and methanol extract of Satureja
hortensis. Int J Food Mic. 2008; 124: 179-182.
19. Akrami Mohajeri F, Misaghi A, Akhondzadeh Posti A, Qeisari H, Khosravi A, Gandomi H,
Ebrahimnejad H. Growth inhibition and morphological alterations to Penicellium citrinium in response
to Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil. J Vet Res. 2012; 67(4): 307-312. [In Persian]
20. Maskouki AM, Mortazavi A. Inhibitory effects of Thyme and Ajowan oils on growth of Aspergilus
parasiticus on pear during cold storage. J Sci Tech Agri Nat Resources. 2004; 8(2): 207-215. [In
Persian]
_||_
(Tylenchulus semipenetrans) by leaf extracts of many plants and their effects on plant growth. Afric J
Agric Res. 2010; 5(14): 1876-1880.
2. Mitter R, Bachmanm, H, Poppenberger B, Safa, N, Adam G. Develop application of
yeast-based bioassay for the Mycotox zearlenone. Mycot Res. 2003; 19: 69-72.
3. Thuille N, Fille M, Nagl M. Bactericidal activity of herbal extracts. Int J Hyg Environ Health. 2002; 206
(3): 217-221.
4. Ma a i JR. Imp o i g po a q ali of a l G ap c . “Ri a a” i g Thymus
kotschyanus and Carum copitatum essential oils. J Food Safety. 2011; 31(1): 132-139.
5. Ardalan F. Study on the effect of some essential oils on growth inhibitory of Aspergillus flavus.
Golparak. 2010; 9(10): 34-41. [In Persian]
6. Lahoji A, Mirabolfathi M. Effect of Zataria multiflora and Satureja hortensis essential oils, Thymol and
Carvacrol on growth of Fusarium graminearum isolated and Deoxynivalenol
production. Iran J Plant Pathol. 2010; 46(1) 11-13.
7. Hasani A, Jalili Marandi R. Control of botrytis cinera on pear fruit by using plant essential oils. Iran J
Hortical Sci. 2009; 40(1): 127-135. [In Persian]
8. Yahyazadeh M, Omidbeigi R, Zare R, Taheri H. Effect of thyme and sage essential oils on
orange fruit rot reduces, produce by blue mold fungus. 5th Con. Hortic. Sci. 2007; p. 130.
[In Persian]
9. Adiguzell A, Gullucel M, Sengul M, Ogutcu H, Gutcu H, Sahin F, Karaman I. Antimicrobial effect of
Ocimum basilicum (Labiateae) extract. Turk J Boil. 2005; 29: 155-160.
10. Habibian S, Sadeghi H, Rahimi R, Ebrahimi A. The evaluation of antifungal effects of
Althaea officinalis and Syzygium aromaticum aqueous extracts against Penicillium spp. and Aspergillus
spp. isolates. Vet J (Pajouhesh and Sazandegi). 2017; 115: 147-152. [In Persian]
11. Pazira A. Antifungal activity of Thyme essential oil on fungi isolated from Kooi fish. J
Aquacul Dev. 2017; 11(2): 13-22. [In Persian]
12. Sadrnia M. Effects of aqueous extracts and essential oils of Mentha and Satureja on the
Aflatoxin B1 production by Aspergillus flavus. Arak Med Uni J. 2018; 21(130): 63-73. [In Persian]
13. Aboutalebi A, Hassanzadeh Khankahdani H. Application of MSTAT-C software in analysis of
agricultural statistical designs. Publication of Islamic Azad University of Jahrom; 2013.
14. Ham S, Li P. Progress of research in antitumor mechanisms with Chinese medicine. China J Integr
Med. 2009; 15(4): 316-320.
15. Preuss H, Echard B, Enig M, Brook I, Elliott, T. Minimum inhibitory concentrations of herbal essential
oils and Monolaurin for gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. Mol cell Biochem. 2005; 272(1-2):
29-34.
16. Ruffa M, Ferraro G, Wagner M, Calcagno M, Campos R, Cavallaro L. Cytotoxic effect of
Argentine medicinal plant extracts on human hepato-cellular carcinoma cell line. J Ethnopharmacol.
2002; 79(3): 335-339.
17. Mahboubi M, Feiz Abadi M. Antimicrobial effects of essential oils of thyme, marjoram,
fennel and eucalyptus on the bacteria Escherichia coli, Salmonella and fungi Aspergillus niger and
Aspergillus flavus. Medicinal Plant. 2009; 2(30): 34-43. [In Persian]
18. Dikbas N, Kotan R. Control of Asprgilus flavus with essential oil and methanol extract of Satureja
hortensis. Int J Food Mic. 2008; 124: 179-182.
19. Akrami Mohajeri F, Misaghi A, Akhondzadeh Posti A, Qeisari H, Khosravi A, Gandomi H,
Ebrahimnejad H. Growth inhibition and morphological alterations to Penicellium citrinium in response
to Zataria multiflora Boiss essential oil. J Vet Res. 2012; 67(4): 307-312. [In Persian]
20. Maskouki AM, Mortazavi A. Inhibitory effects of Thyme and Ajowan oils on growth of Aspergilus
parasiticus on pear during cold storage. J Sci Tech Agri Nat Resources. 2004; 8(2): 207-215. [In
Persian]
