Psychometric Properties of Behavioral Emotion Regulation Questionnaire
Subject Areas : روان درمانگریHamid Barani 1 , Mahboobeh Fooladchang 2 , Mohsen Arbezi 3 , Ziba Kabiri 4
1 - PhD Candidate in Educational Psychology Shiraz University
2 - PhD
Shiraz University
3 - PhD Student in Educational Psychology
Shiraz University
4 - MA in Educational Psychology Shiraz University
Keywords: reliability, factor analysis, validity, psychometric, behavioral emotion regulation,
Abstract :
The aim of the present study was to investigate the psychometric properties of Kraaij & Garnefski's behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire (BERQ). The present study was a correlational study, and more precisely the validation of the test. The study participants were 291 people (121 male, 170 female) who were studying in 1398-99 academic year at Shiraz University and completed Kraaij & Garnefski's behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire (2019), Garnefski et al.'s cognitive emotion regulation questionnaire (2001), Chen et al.'s Basic Psychological Needs Satisfaction and Frustration Scale (2015) and Costa & McCrae'sNeuroticisim subscale (1992). After translating the BERQ, Confirmatory factor analysis and correlation with other scales were used to determine the validity. Cronbach's alpha method was also used to evaluate the reliability. The results of confirmatory factor analysis confirmed the five factors of Seeking Distraction, Withdrawal, Actively Approaching, Seeking Social Support and Ignoring. The results of correlation with other tests also confirmed the convergent validity of the scale. Also, all Cronbach's alpha coefficients indicated a high internal consistency of the factors. The results show that the BERQ has a very good validity and reliability in Iranian students, and is effective in measuring behavioral emotion regulation in the five dimensions mentioned.
آزادی، م. (1390). تنظیم هیجان و اختلالهای اضطرابی: مروری یکپارچهنگر. روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی، 8 (30)، 209- 207.
بشارت، م. ع. (1395). پرسشنامه تنظیم شناختی هیجان: روش اجرا و نمرهگذاری. روانشناسی تحولی: روانشناسان ایرانی، 13 (50)، 221-223.
حقشناس، ح. (1385). هنجاریابی آزمون شخصیّتی نئو، فرم تجدید نظر شده. اندیشه و رفتار، 4 (4)، 38-47.
سیف، ع. ا. (1398). اندازهگیری، سنجش و ارزشیابی آموزشی. تهران: دوران.
شیخالاسلامی، ر.، یزدانی، ف. و رضویاصطهباناتی، ز. (1398). ویژگیهای روانسنجی مقیاس ارضا و ناکامی نیازهای بنیادین روانشناختی، مجله روانشناسی، 23 (1)، 66-82.
Bartholomew, K. J., Ntoumanis, N., Mouratidis, A., Katartzi, E., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., & Vlachopoulos, S. (2018). Beware of your teaching style: A school-yearlong investigation of controlling teaching and student motivational experiences. Learning and Instruction, 53, 50–63.
Bowlby, J. (1982). Attachment and loss: retrospect and prospect. American journal of Orthopsychiatry, 52(4), 664- 678.
Campbell, R., Tobback, E., Delesie, L. M., Vogelaers, D., Mariman, A., & Vansteenkiste, M. (2017). Basic psychological need experiences, fatigue, and sleep in individuals with unexplained chronic fatigue. Stress and Health, 33 (5), 645- 655.
Chen, B., Vansteenkiste, M., Beyers, W., Boone, L., Deci, E. L., el al (2015). Psychological need satisfaction and desire for need satisfaction across four cultures. Motivation and Emotion, 39 (2), 216–236.
Compas, B. E., Connor-Smith, J., Saltzman, H., Thomsen, A. H., & Wadsworth, M. E. (2001). Coping with stress during childhood and adolescence: Problems, progress, and potential in theory and research. Psychological Bulletin, 127 (1), 87–127.
Compas, B. E., Jaser, S. S., Bettis, A. H., Watson, K. H., Gruhn, M. A., Dunbar, J. P., ... Thigpen, J. C. (2017). Coping, emotion regulation, and psychopathology in childhood and adolescence: A meta-analysis and narrative review. Psychological Bulletin, 143 (9), 939–991.
Costa, P. T., & McCrae, R. R. (1992). Revised NEO personality inventory (NEO-PIR): Professional manual. Lutz, FL: Psycho- logical Assessment Resources, Inc.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (1985). Intrinsic motivation and self – determination in human behavior. New York: Plenum Press.
Deci, E. L., & Ryan, R. M. (2000). The and why of goal pursuits: Human needs and the self – determination of behavior. Psychological Inquiry, 11 (4), 319-338.
Freud, S. (1962). Further remarks on the neuro-psychoses of defence. In The Standard Edition of the Complete Psychological Works of Sigmund Freud, Volume III (1893-1899): Early Psycho-Analytic Publications (pp. 157-185).
Frijda, N. H. (1986). The emotions Cambridge University Press Cambridge. UK Google Scholar.
Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V. (2006). Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionnaire Development of a short 18-item version (CERQ-short). Personality and Individual Differences, 41 (6), 1045-1053.
Garnefski, N., & Kraaij, V. (2006). Relationships between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and depressive symptoms: A comparative study of five specific samples. Personality and Individual Differences, 40 (8), 1659–1669.
Garnefski, N., Kommer, T., Vanden Kraaig, V., Teerds, J., Legerstee, J., & Onstein, E. (2002). The relationship between cognitive emotion regulation strategies and emotional problems: Comparison between a clinical and a non-clinical sample. European Journal of Personality, 16 (5), 403-420.
Garnefski, N., Kraaij, V., & Spinhoven, P. (2001). Negative life events, cognitive emotion regulation and emotional problems. Personality and Individual Differences, 30 (8), 1311–1327.
Garner, P. W., & Waajid, B. (2012). Emotion Knowledge and self-regulation as predictors of preschooler’s cognitive ability, classroom behavior, and social competence. Journal of Psychoeducation Assessment, 30(4), 330-343.
Gross, J. J. (2013). Handbook of emotion regulation: Guilford publications.
Gross, J. J., & Thompson, R. A. (2007). Emotion regulation: Conceptual foundation. New York: Gilford Press.
Izard, C. E., Woodburn, E. M., Finlon, K. J., Krauthamer-ewing, E. S., Grossman, S. R. et al. (2011). Emotion Knowledge, Emotion Utilization, and Emotion regulation. Emotion Review, 3 (1), 44-52.
Joormann, J., & Stanton, C. H. (2016). Examining emotion regulation in depression: A review and future directions. Behavior Research and Therapy, 86, 35-49.
Kasser, V. M., & Ryan, R. M. (1999). The relation of psychological needs for autonomy and relatedness to health, vitality, well-being & mortality in a nursing home. Journal of Applied Social Psychology, 29 (5), 935-954.
Kato, T. (2015). Frequently used coping scales: A meta – analysis. Stress Health, 31 (4), 315-323.
Kline, R. B. (2016). Methodology in the social sciences. Principles and practice of structural equation modeling (4th ed.). New York, NY, US: Guilford Press.
Kraaij, V., & Garnefski, N. (2019). The behavioral emotion regulation questionnaire: Development, psychometric properties and relationship with wmotional problems and the cognitive emtion regulation questioner. Personality and Individual Differences, 137, 56-61.
Lazarus, R., & Folkman, S. (1984). Stress, Appraisal and Coping. New York: Springer.
Lazarus, R.S. (1966). Psychological Stress and the Coping Process. McGraw-Hill, New York.
Leahy, R. L., Tirch, D., & Napolitano, L. A. (2011). Emotion regulation in psychotherapy: A practitioner's guide. Guilford press.
McCrae, R. R., & Sutin, A. R. (2018). A five-factor theory perspective on causal analysis. European Journal of Personality, 32(3), 151–166.
Megreya, A. M., Latzman, R. D., Al-Attiyah, A. A., & Alrashidi, M. (2016). The robustness of the nine – factor structure of the Cognitive Emotion Regulation Questionar across for Arabic – speaking Middle Eastern countries. Journal of Cross – Cultural Psychology, 47 (6), 875-890.
Mitchell, M. L., & Jolley, J. M. (2012). Research design explained. Cengage Learning.
Ng, J. Y. Y., Ntoumanis, N., Thogersen-Ntoumani, C., Deci, E. L., Ryan, R. M., Duda, J. L., et al. (2012). Self-determination theory applied to health contexts: A meta-analysis. Perspectives on Psychological Science, 7 (4), 325–340.
Ochsner, K, N., & Gross, J, J. (2005). The cognitive control of emotion. Trends in Cognitive Sciences, 9 (5), 242-249.
Orchard, L. J., & Fullwood, C. (2010). Current perspectives on personality and Internet use. Social Science Computer Review, 28(2), 155-169.
Potthoff, S., Garnefski, N., Miklósi, M., Ubbiali, A., Domínguez-Sánchez, F. J., Martins, E. C., ... & Kraaij, V. (2016). Cognitive emotion regulation and psychopathology across cultures: A comparison between six European countries. Personality and Individual Differences, 98, 218-224.
_||_