تعیین و تدوین استراتژی های توسعه بخش کشاورزی افغانستان با استفاده از تجزیه و تحلیل SWOT، ماتریس SPACE و رویکرد QSPM
Subject Areas : Strategic planningمجتبی نیک زاد 1 , سید صفدر حسینی 2 , حبیب الله سلامی 3 , امیرحسین چیذری 4 , انورالحق احدی 5
1 - دانشجوی دکتری گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
2 - استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
3 - استاد گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
4 - استادیار گروه اقتصاد کشاورزی، دانشکده اقتصاد و توسعه کشاورزی، دانشگاه تهران، کرج، ایران
5 - استاد و وزیر زراعت، آبیاری و مالداری جمهوری اسلامی افغانستان، کابل، افغانستان
Keywords: بخش کشاورزی, افغانستان, رویکرد SWOT-QSPM, تکنیک دلفی و پرسشنامه, استراتژی های توسعه,
Abstract :
اهمیت بخش کشاورزی به عنوان بخش اصلی اقتصاد افغانستان موجب شده است که رشد این بخش همواره بهعنوان هدف سیاستگذاریها و برنامهریزیهای کلان ملی و بینالمللی برای توسعه این کشور باشد. با این وجود، علیرغم حمایتهای گسترده ملی و بینالمللی این بخش نه تنها نتوانسته از رشد پایدار و قابل توجهی برخوردار گردد، بلکه این کشور را با مشکلاتی از جمله گسترش فقر، کاهش امنیت غذایی، گسترش کشت مواد مخدر رو به رو ساخته است. بنابراین، هدف از این مطالعه تعیین و تدوین استراتژی های جامع و مناسب برای توسعه بخش کشاورزی افغانستان به منظور دستیابی به اهداف اسناد بالادستی توسعه پایدار اقتصادی است. برای این منظور، پس از تعیین چشمانداز و مأموریتهای بخش کشاورزی افغانستان، بر اساس روش دلفی و ابزار پرسشنامه و با در نظر گرفتن کلیه مؤلفهها و عوامل مختلف محیطهای داخلی و خارجی، از چارچوب تحلیلی SWOT برای تعیین استراتژیهای مناسب استفاده شده است. در نهایت، جایگاه استراتژیک بخش کشاورزی توسط ماتریس SPACE تعیین گردید و با کاربرد رویکرد QSPM، استراتژیهای تعیین شده براساس اهمیت و اولویت مرتب شده اند. نتایج نشان میدهد که استراتژیهای محافظهکارانه شامل تغییر جهت و بازنگری (بررسی سیاستهای اجرایی بخش کشاورزی افغانستان) بیش از سایر استراتژیها ضروری است. این امر بر لزوم تمرکز بر سیاستهای حمایتی و ارزیابی و بازنگری سیاستها و برنامههای اجرایی به منظور غلبه بر ضعفهای گسترده ساختاری و زیرساختی بخش کشاورزی افغانستان با بهرهگیری از فرصتهای متعددخارجی تاکید دارد.
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